A study on delta virus infection and its clinical impact in Iran

Abstract

During the period 1986-1988, the expression of anti-HDV in different high-risk groups and its clinical impact on patients with HBV-related chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma was investigated in Iran. Using the ELISA technique, we observed a 2.5% anti-HDV positivity in asymptomatic chronic HBsAg carriers (3 of 120); in hemophiliacs, two of six HBsAg carriers were positive for anti-HDV and zero of 50 anti-HBs positives. Anti-HBs positive dialysis patients were positive for anti-HDV in 2.0% of the cases (1 of 50), whereas the rate of anti-HDV positivity was 44.5% in hemodialysis patients positive for HBsAg (16 of 36). The figures were comparable in HBsAg positive patients with chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis (49.2%; 31 of 63). Moreover, anti-HDV was detected in five of eight patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. These data indicate the endemicity of delta infection in Iran. The increased incidence among hepatocellular carcinoma patients is an interesting finding to be further investigated with larger groups of patients in this region.

Clinical Features and Seroepidemiology of Anti-HDV Antibody in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Iran: A Meta-Analysis

“…Ninety-six articles were found in the literature review, 40 of which [4][10][11][12][13][15][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] were potentially related to HDV prevalence in Iran. The detailed search process is demonstrated in Diagram 1.…”

“…After filtering the studies based on the inclusion criteria explained above, 19 studies were identified as assessing the prevalence of HDV infection in Iran. Out of these, four studies were conducted in Tehran [19][22][35][39], two studies in Shiraz and [10][45] Hamedan [21][23], and 1 each in the cities of Shahrekord [28], Mashhad [32], Khuzestan [33], Isfahan [24], Sari [11], Golestan [38], Babol [34], Bushehr [12], Kerman [50], and Tabriz [41]. Additionally, one study was carried out in both Tehran and Tabriz [44] Table 1.…”

“…There were 198 patients in the cirrhotic and HCC groups (4 articles: 4, 12, 33, 39), and the pooled estimation in this group was 30.47% (95% CI: 9.76 - 51.19). In chronic hepatitis group among 1,114 patients, the HDV prevalence in the random model was 14.4% (95% CI: 7.72 - 21.07; 7 articles: 19, 21, 33, 39, 45, 46, 50).In 4,372 inactive carrier patients, the HDV prevalence was 4.94 % (95% CI: 3.73 to 6.15; 15 articles: [10][11][19][21][22][23][24][28][33][34][35][38][39][41][44] Figure 1.…”

Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of Iranian HDV Complete Genome

“…In addition, full-length HDV sequence analysis from Iran, where delta infection is endemic [16] and in some regions its prevalence reaches 14% among asymptomatic HBs carriers [17], has not been carried out.…”

Delta hepatitis: molecular biology and clinical and epidemiological features

“…HDV prevalence rates of 0 to 19% occur in HBsAg carriers from Belgium, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Spain, Portugal, Yugoslavia, Norway, Jordan, Saudia Arabia, Yemen, Lebanon, Iran, and North India (23,156,162,176,204). In some countries, such as Italy, HDV endemicity is variable.…”