The photocatalytic decolorization and degradation of an anthraquinone-based reactive dye, C.I. Reactive Blue 19, was carried out in laboratory-scale experiments with the systematic variation of several operational parameters, including electron acceptor (hydrogen peroxide) concentration, initial pH, use of buffer solution, aeration, and the specific chemical nature of the buffer solution. Photodegradation was performed under simulated natural light, and conditions were chosen to mimic those found in industry. Mineralization and decolorization were monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy and total organic carbon analysis, and kinetics were modelled using an in-series first-order combination mechanism. Reaction products were examined and monitored by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Under the conditions explored, the reaction rate was found to depend not only on pH and electron acceptor concentration, but also on the specific chemical nature of the buffer used.