A Study on Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Ethanol Fuel Blend

Abstract

The main aim of this study is to investigate Aganonerion polymorphum leaf-ethyl acetate extract (APL-EAE) and its inhibiting effect for steel in ethanol fuel blend. The immersion test, electrochemical and surface analysis techniques were successfully carried out in this research. Scanning electron microscope images indicated that the ethanol fuel blend induced pitting corrosion of steel. Remarkably, the surface of the sample containing 1000 ppm APL-EAE is smoother than the others submerged in different conditions. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy result shows that APL-EAE has formed a good protective layer, preventing corrosive factors from hitting the steel surface. The potentiodynamic polarization data argue that the corrosion inhibition efficiency was strengthened with the increase of APL-EAE concentration. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated less intensity of Fe peaks, higher intensity of C1s peak and the appearance of organic peaks (N1s, P2p, O1s) from specimens with and without APL-EAE addition. Therefore, the results suggest the formation of the protective film on steel surface and affirm that APL-EAE has served as an effective corrosion inhibitor for steel in ethanol fuel blend.

Improved Corrosion Resistance of Steel in Ethanol Fuel Blend by Titania Nanoparticles and Aganonerion polymorphum Leaf Extract

“…When the APLE concentration reached 1000 ppm, the material density in the film became sufficient to minimize the number as well as the size of channels and pores, leading to a maximum protective effect. 11 However, the coating was thicker and the disorder in the structure increased when adding inhibitor concentrations beyond 1000 ppm, resulting in a sharp increase in the number of small size channels and pores that reduce protection. The protective mechanism of TNPs in a mixture with APLE indicated that the optimized size (10 nm) and concentration (30 ppm) of TNPs with the appropriate size (10 nm of diameter) and concentration (30 ppm) effectively filled the pores and channels in the APLE’s network to curb the penetration of corrosive agents from SEFB into the coating structure, thereby increasing the protective effect.…”

“…APLE was produced by the Soxhlet extraction process, the detailed process was presented in the previous report. 11 In short, fresh A. polymorphum leaves were dried at 60 °C, triturated to powder, and was added to a Soxhlet extractor containing ethyl acetate, and then extracted at 75 °C for 24 h. In the following step, the extract (APLE) was filtered, concentrated, and stored in a dry cabinet at room temperature. The extracted product was analyzed by an attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy apparatus (α-FT-IR spectrometer), coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) (Agilent 7890B for GC and Agilent 5977A for MS).…”

“…The corrosion of steel could be caused by the hygroscopic properties of ethanol, aggressive contaminants in bioethanol, and bacteria in the blend. 11 To overcome this drawback, many manufacturers require supplement additives into biogasoline. 12−15 In recent years, the most widely used anticorrosive additives for gasoline are inhibitors including high-molecular-weight carboxylic acids, long-chain aliphatic amines, amine salts of carboxylic acids, and aliphatic polyamines and polyamides.…”

An Investigation on Corrosion Inhibitors for Steel in Ethanol Fuel Blend

“…Na(4-OHCin) and Ce(4-OHCin) 3 were synthesized as such that was previously reported [8]. Na(4-OHCin), CeCl 3 , and Ce(4-OHCin) 3 were dissolved in the simulated ethanol fuel blend contents are described previous work [6] and added slowly with stirring at 900 rpm and 38 ºC for 12 h making the final concentrations of 1800, 600, and 600 ppm of Na(4-OHCin), CeCl 3 , and Ce(4-OHCin) 3 , respectively. The steel coupons of 1.0 × 1.0 × 0.3 cm 3 used as working electrodes for the electrochemical tests were fabricated from steel sheet.…”

“…Therefore, it leads an important study for new, more efficient, and environmentally benign inhibitor systems during the storage of gasoline. In the present decades, leaf extracts were a good recommendation for inhibiting corrosion with high performance [6]. However, these complexes molecular could effect to the products and its refined processes pay for the high energy and cost.…”