A study on antibacterial effect of grape seed extracts in common clinical and drug resistant isolates

Abstract

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Grape seeds are proposed to have antimicrobial activity, antioxidant effect and various other benefits to mankind. A study was done to assess the antibacterial effect of grape seed extract against common clinical isolates and drug resistant pathogenic strains.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Grape seed extract prepared was investigated for its antibacterial effect against 65 bacterial isolates obtained from clinical specimens by agar well diffusion assay and the results were compared with routinely used antibiotics namely, Gentamicin for the common clinical isolates, Vancomycin for MRSA strains and Amikacin for ESBL organisms respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Grape seed extract produced moderate zone of inhibition ranging between 11-15 mm among the 35 test common clinical isolates namely <em>Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella </em>sp<em> </em>and<em> Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. <em>E.coli </em>showed the highest susceptibility with zone ranging from 12-14 mm with increasing concentration of the extract starting from2 mg/ml to the highest being 20 mg/ml. Among the 30 drug resistant pathogenic strains like MRSA and ESBL producing organisms, the grape seed extract was found to be effective against 3 out of the 10 of MRSA and 2 out of the 10 of ESBL-<em>E.coli</em> at the highest concentration of 20 mg/ml. However, ESBL producing <em>Klebsiella </em>species were found to be resistant even to the highest concentration of the extract. </p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The results provide evidence that the grape seed extract could be a potential antibacterial agent and this effect can further be made evident with improved methodologies.</p>

Effectiveness of Grape (Vitis Vinifera L.) Seed Extracts on Fungi and Bacteria Management

“…Adámez, et al, (2012) and Butkhup et al, (2016) also indicated the GSE more effective on Gram-positive bacteria. The results provide evidence that the grape seed extract could be a potential antibacterial agent and this effect can further be made evident with improved methodologies (Kandasamy et al, 2016). These strong sensitivities of the bacteria to GSE may be related to the inhibition of the hydrolytic enzymes (proteases and carbohydrolases) or other interactions capable of inactivating microbial adhesins, transport proteins and cell envelope due to the composition of extract in procyanidines, as stated by Cowan (1999).…”

“…It might also be related to the presence of tannins which has the ability to inactive microbial adhesions, enzymes and cell envelope transport proteins, their complexity with polysaccharide and their ability to modify the morphology of microorganisms. Therefore, this observation is suggestive of the antibacterial effect of grape seed extract (Kandasamy et al, 2016). According to Shrestha (2012), the structureactivity correlation assays showed that the hydroxyl group of the phenolic compound was found to be effective against E. coli and the benzene ring was effective against S. aureus.…”

“…Grape seeds are proposed to have antimicrobial activity, antioxidant effect and various other benefits to mankind. Many studies were done to assess the antifungal and antibacterial effect of grape seed extract against common clinical isolates and drug resistant pathogenic strains (Djerbi et al, 1985;Reagor et al, 2002;Radovanovic et al, 2009;Shrestha, 2012;Su et al, 2012;Butkhup et al, 2016;Kandasamy et al, 2016;Mohammed et al, 2016;Ghouila et al, 2017).…”

“…Reagor et al (2002), showed that the grape seed extract was consistently antibacterial against 67 distinct biotypes tested with susceptibility zone diameters equal to or greater than 15 mm in each case. According to Mohammed et al (2016) alcoholic grape seed extracts have antibacterial activity against four bacterial isolates (Escherichia coli, Proteus sp., Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus), and Kandasamy et al (2016), GSE produced moderate zone of inhibition ranging between 11-15 mm among the 35-test common clinical isolates namely Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.…”

Detection of Antimicrobial Activity of Cranberry Fruit Extract against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Escherichia coli

“…The specimens were processed in culture plates and the pathogens were isolated and identified by standard biochemical tests. Mueller-Hinton agar [15] was used Agar dilution methods from low dose to high dose (20, 30, 40, 50, 60 mg) to determine the antibacterial effect of cranberry fruit extract and the routinely used antibiotics, Linezolid for MRSA strains and Meropenem for ESBL producing E. coli organisms were used for comparison [16].…”