A study of the pedestrian impact kinematics using finite element dummy models: the corridors and dimensional analysis scaling of upper-body trajectories

A statistical geometrical description of the human liver for probabilistic occupant models

“…8) indicate that the traditional scaling technique based on geometry parameters such as height and width may not be suitable for constructing percentile anthropometric models. This scaling technique has been extensively applied in crash test dummies (Untaroiu et al, 2008;Vezin and Verriest, 2005). The mesh of HUMOS2 model was scaled to any percentile in driving position through only 10 (external) parameters (Vezin and Verriest, 2005).…”

“…The mesh of HUMOS2 model was scaled to any percentile in driving position through only 10 (external) parameters (Vezin and Verriest, 2005). The Polar-II FE model was scaled in the vertical direction to match the stature (height) and in the transverse plane to match the total mass between the pedestrian dummy model and subjects, in order to create 5th percentile female, 50th percentile female, and 95th percentile male FE models (Untaroiu et al, 2008 provide a better perspective on human variations than the traditional percentile models. One limitation in this study is that the liver was treated as a homogeneous material, which is typical in a majority of human FE models (Gayzik et al, 2011;Shin et al, 2012;Untaroiu et al, 2009Yue and Untaroiu, 2014).…”

Crash reconstruction of pedestrian accidents using optimization techniques

“…The pedestrian anthropometric characteristics have been shown to influence the pedestrian kinematics and the location of contact points with the vehicle [38]. Therefore, a preliminary scaling of the pedestrian model (50th percentile male) according to the anthropometric characteristics of the pedestrian involved in accident is recommended [39,40]. The geometry and stiffness of vehicle front end components influence the pedestrian kinematics during pedestrian crashes [36].…”

Influence of pre-collision occupant parameters on injury outcome in a frontal collision

“…Using the software MADYSCALE TM (TNO MADYMO BV., Netherlands), occupant models with different values of Occ s and Occ m were developed using the length and mass scaling factors estimated from the anthropometry database and same length and mass scaling factors were applied to all the body regions ensuring overall geometric similitude. The adopted methodology for developing numerical human models based on the dimensional scaling principle has been previously reported by Rodarius et al (2007) and Untaroiu et al (2008). Thirteen occupant models, with a range of 1.698-1.818 m, 72.20-83.78 kg and 23.4-27.1 kg/m 2 , in stature, mass and body mass index (BMI), respectively, were developed to evaluate the influence of occupant anthropometric size on the overall injury outcome ( (1)…”