A study of renal parameters and serum electrolytes level in newborns with birth asphyxia

Abstract

Perinatal hypoxia is one of the most common primary cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in India. WHO has defined perinatal asphyxia as a "failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth." Asphyxiated newborns are more prone to hypoxic injury so in these cases any organ can be affected but the brain, myocardium, kidneys and bowels appear to be more sensitive. 1 This study was conducted in asphyxiated newborns to interprets serum electrolytes levels and renal parameters levels in cases of birth asphyxia. Materials and Methods:This study was done in 100 Newborn out of which 50 were cases & 50 were control from May, 2015 to May, 2016 were taken up for the study. The detailed perinatal history was obtained. Urine sample was collected by neonatal urobegs in cases and in control it was by spot sample. Blood sample were collected by routine venous sampling. Serum electrolytes levels and renal parameters were evaluated in cases and control. Results: In our study male babies had higher incidence of birth asphyxia as compared to female babies. In our study blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine level was higher among cases. Therefore there is a linear correlation with severity of asphyxia. Urine sodium and urine creatinine also increased among cases and therefore they had a higher incidence with severity of asphyxia. In our study we found serum sodium level was lower among cases than the controls. There was linear correlation between severity of asphyxia. The serum potassium was higher among cases than control and serum calcium had lower with severity of birth asphyxia. Conclusions:The study of Birth asphyxiated newborn shows that monitoring renal parameters and serum electrolytes helps in the early diagnosis and management of renal failure. Therefore they had a linear correlation with severity of birth asphyxia.

Association of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy With Hyponatremia In Term Infants Within First 24 Hours of Life

“…When plasma or serum electrolytes are acquired during an assessment for another ailment, the diagnosis is frequently discovered by chance, especially in children with values between 130 and 135 mEq/L, but levels below 130 mEq/L are more frequently linked with clinical signs and symptoms. 23,24 Serum sodium was unequally distributed among cases & controls (Median ± IQR 136 ± 5, 139± 8, P value using Mann Whitney U test = 0.01). Hyponatremia was also unequally distributed among cases & controls (3.4% vs 0.4%, P value using Fischer exact test = 0.01).…”

Frequency of Acute Kidney Injury with Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Staging in Neonates with Perinatal Asphyxia: An Observational Study (Descriptive Case Series)

“…According to WHO estimates in Pakistan 49% deaths in under-five age group occurred in neonatal period, with perinatal asphyxia and birth trauma contributing 23% to neonatal deaths [1]. WHO has described perinatal asphyxia as "failure to initiate and sustain breathing at the time of birth" [2]. The term perinatal asphyxia is applied frequently instead of birth asphyxia, as asphyxia may occur at any time in utero, at birth or in the postnatal period.…”