A study of preparing silver iodide nanocolloid by electrical spark discharge method and its properties

Abstract

This study employed an electric discharge machine (EDM) and the Electrical Spark Discharge Method (ESDM) to prepare silver iodide nanocolloid (AgINC). Povidone–iodine (PVP-I) was dissolved in deionized water to create a dielectric fluid. Silver material was melted using the high temperature generated by an electric arc, and the peeled-off material was reacted with PVP-I to form AgI nanoparticles (AgINPs). Six discharge pulse wave parameter combinations (Ton–Toff) were employed, and the resultant particle size and suspension of the prepared samples were examined. The results revealed that AgINPs were successfully created using the ESDM. When Ton–Toff was set at 90–90 μs, the zeta potential of the AgINC was − 50.3 mV, indicating excellent suspension stability. The AgINC particle size was 16 nm, verifying that the parameters yielded AgINPs with the smallest particle size distribution and highest zeta potential. Ultraviolet–visible spectrum analyser was performed to analyse the samples, and the spectra indicated that the characteristic wavelength was 420 nm regardless of the Ton–Toff values. X-ray diffraction analysis determined that the AgINPs exhibited two crystal structures, namely β-AgI and Ag. Transmission electron microscopy was performed and revealed that the particles were irregularly shaped and that some of the larger particles had aggregated. The crystal structure was determined to be a mixture of Ag and β-AgI, with a lattice spacing of 0.235 nm and 0.229 nm, respectively. The lattice spacing of the Ag was 0.235 nm. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the prepared AgINC were composed of only Ag and I; no additional chemical elements were detected.

Implementation of Micro-EDM Monitoring System to Fabricate Antimicrobial Nanosilver Colloid

“…The EDM monitoring system has traditionally used an oscillator to observe the voltage and current wavelengths between electrodes, as shown in Figure 1 [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. T on is the discharging time, when the electrodes will successfully carry out spark discharge; T off is the stopping time.…”

Development of Spark-Discharge System for Deposition of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Having Uniform Distribution on Small Surface

“…The spark discharge technique, which was first used by Schwyn in 1988 [11], is one of the simple, compact, and versatile methods to produce NPs from different types of materials. In addition, the synthesis can be performed at atmospheric pressure or in a dielectric liquid medium [13,14], which is quite economical in comparison to vacuum methods and has the potential of being scaled up. This method was used for depositing ZnO NPs [12], Co-doped ZnO NPs, and Cu-doped ZnO NPs using high-purity Zn, Co, and Cu metals [15,16].…”

“…Whereas, while one of the electrodes is fixed in the experiments carried out in the dielectric liquid, the motion control of the other electrode can be provided with the help of a servo motor. For such systems, the motion control of the two electrodes may not be important because the nanoparticles formed by spark discharge are suspended in the dielectric liquid [13,14].…”