“…In the literature, for example, the general number sense success rate was reported as 46.00% by , 34.00% by , 20.00% by Yang and Lin (2015), 24.00%-30.00% by Akkaya (2016); there are a number of other studies (Caglar, 2021;Markovits & Sowder, 1994;Reys et al, 1999;Verschaffel et al, 2007;Yapici & Kayhan Altay, 2017) whose results were in parallel with those of the current study. On the other hand, Chen et al (2015) examined the number sense performances among 4 th , 5 th , and 6 th grade local students, recent immigrants, and those with low socioeconomic levels in Taiwan, finding that new immigrant students in 6th grade had better number sense performances compared to other students. Having examined the relationship between poverty and the academic achievement of students in immigrant families, Zhang and Han (2017) stated that immigrant students outperformed local students from a certain poverty status.…”