A study of injury parameters for rearward and forward facing 3-year-old child dummy using numerical simulation

Emam, Ahmed; Sennah, Khaled; Howard, Andrew; Chapman, Matthew B

doi:10.1533/ijcr.2005.0339

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“…8 Another study conducted numerical simulations comparing a 3 year old dummy restrained in both forward facing and rear facing seats. 11 It found that upper neck forces and neck injury criteria could be greatly reduced by using a seat that was rear facing. The conclusion It concluded that rear facing seats were more effective than forward facing seats in protecting children aged 0-23 months for all crash types (odds ratio 1.76, 95% confidence interval 1.40 to 2.20).…”

Section: The Clinical Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%