A Study of Hypoglossal Canal in North Indian Crania

Zaidi, Shh; Gupta, Rakesh; Usman, Nema

doi:10.1016/s0003-2778(11)80032-8

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Various studies compared with present study. the incidence of double hypoglossal canal of present study was 20% which was closer to Jacob M et al [12] (20%), Osunwoke EA et al [14] (25.31% ) and Bhuller et al [13] (28.12%) but more in Wyosocki J et al [10] (43%) and less in Zaidi SHH et al [3] (12.5%) and Karur et al [11] (10.5%) studies.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The venous plexus of the hypoglossal canal creates a connection between the marginal sinuses and the superior jugular bulb and indirectly with the vertebral veins [2]. In some cases, this canal is divided by a bony spicule leading to a variant known as double hypoglossal canal [1,3]. Such partition of hypoglossal canal predisposes to entrapment of hypoglossal nerve in the occipital bone during ossification which subsequently may leads to an alteration in the movement of tongue as well as speech.Hypoglossal canal is of great clinical significance in different pathological conditions like occipital bone fractures, intracranial and extracranial neoplasms and in congenital defects [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphometric Study of Hypoglossal Canal in Human Adult Dry Skulls

T¹,

Anuradha²

2017

IJAR

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Study of Hypoglossal Canal in Human Adult Dry Skulls

T¹,

Anuradha²

2017

IJAR

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“…13.63%. 3 They reported bilateral double hypoglossal canal in only 5% cases and unilateral in 7.5% cases. Kaur J et al, reported double hypoglossal canal in 10.5% cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In some cases, this canal is divided by a bony spicule leading to a variant known as double hypoglossal canal. 2,3 Such partition of hypoglossal canal predisposes the roots of twelfth cranial nerve to entrapment in the occipital bone during ossification which subsequently may leads to an alteration in the tongue movement as well as speech. In the last ten years, anthropological studies concerned with the nonmetric cranial traits have been increased and this was first studied by Jones W. 4 Hypoglossal canal is of great clinical significance in different pathological conditions like fracture of occipital bone, any congenital defect involving posterior part of cranial base or any intra and extra cranial neoplasm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duplication of hypoglossal canal in North Indian human skulls

et al. 2017

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Background: The hypoglossal canal is one among the permanent components of occipital bone of both human being and animal skull, which transmits the twelfth cranial nerve, meningeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery and emissary veins. This is commonly known as anterior condylar canal. In some cases, this canal is divided by a bony spicule leading to a variant known as double hypoglossal canal. Such partition of hypoglossal canal predisposes the roots of twelfth cranial nerve to entrapment in the occipital bone during ossification which subsequently may leads to an alteration in the tongue movement as well as speech. The objectives of the present study were to obtain the incidence of the variant of double hypoglossal canal in north Indian population especially in Bihar and compare the incidence of such type of variation in skull of different parts of our country as well as various races of the world.Methods: The present study was carried out on 110 undamaged dry adult human crania of unknown age and sex for any variations in the hypoglossal canal or incidence of double hypoglossal canal.Results: We observed 15 cases (13.63%) of double hypoglossal canal in which 8 (7.27%) specimens had unilateral while 7 (6.36%) specimens had bilateral double hypoglossal canal. Double hypoglossal canal was more common in right side. In 5 cases (4.54%) unilateral bony spicules were seen.Conclusions: The study about the hypoglossal canal and its different variation is very important to clinicians, anatomist, forensic experts as well as anthropologists too. The knowledge about the different dimensions of hypoglossal canal is also very essential for neurosurgeons and radiologist for the planning of the surgeries around the posterior cranial fossa for tumors like schwannoma of hypoglossal nerve and treatment of sleep apnea syndrome. Hence the detailed morphometric study of hypoglossal canal will be helpful for the planning of surgical intervention around the base of skull becomes easier and safer.

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“…Non-metric cranial variants are of considerable interest to the researchers due to their geographical and racial variation (26). A few variations are due to the underlying disease and other extrinsic factors; however most of the variants result from the normal developmental process and are determined genetically (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The paracondylar skull base: anatomical variants and their clinical implications

Murlimanju¹,

Chettiar²,

Krishnamurthy³

et al. 2014

Turkish Neurosurgery

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AIm:The knowledge of the vasculature around the paracondylar region is important in neurosurgical procedures such as the paracondylar and lateral supracondylar approaches. The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of paracondylar emissary foramina in the adult skull bases and to study the morphology of condylar canals and hypoglossal canals. mAterIAl and methOds:The present study included 48 adult human skulls that were obtained from the gross anatomy laboratory of our institution. The paracondylar region was macroscopically observed for the variant foramina, canals and grooves.results: It was observed that the paracondylar emissary foramen was present in 16 skulls (33.3%). The foramen was found bilaterally in 7 skulls (14.6%) and unilaterally in 9 skulls (18.7%). The hypoglossal canal was single in 35 (72.9%) skulls, double in 11 skulls (22.9%), and triple in 2 skulls (4.2%). The paracondylar process (2.1%) and the paracondylar groove (2.1%) were seen in 1 skull each. The posterior condylar canal was found to be patent in 19 (39.6%) skulls. COnClusIOn:The present study observed that, the paracondylar emissary vein is not rare in occurrence as it is observed in 33.3% of cases. The identification of the paracondylar emissary veins and accessory vessels is important to avoid dangerous bleeding during the surgery. The morphological knowledge of the foramina around the paracondylar region is enlightening to the chiropractors, neurosurgeons and radiologists.

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A Study of Hypoglossal Canal in North Indian Crania

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Morphometric Study of Hypoglossal Canal in Human Adult Dry Skulls

Morphometric Study of Hypoglossal Canal in Human Adult Dry Skulls

Duplication of hypoglossal canal in North Indian human skulls

The paracondylar skull base: anatomical variants and their clinical implications

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