A study of heat transfer during molding of elastomers

Likozar, Blaž; Krajnc, Matjaž

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2008.03.031

Cited by 28 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…[28,29] Measurements performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) on very thin PET foils treated in plasma from both sides showed no significant changes in the crystalline phase as compared to the untreated sample. The changes in surface crystallinity are probably so small that they are below the detection limit of DSC [30] which is usually used to study the bulk crystallization. The roughness analysis carried out on 2 × 2 µm 2 AFM images shows that the average roughness (Ra) increases with plasma exposure time (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of polyester by oxygen‐ and nitrogen‐plasma treatment

Vesel

Junkar

Cvelbar

et al. 2008

Surface & Interface Analysis

259

207

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In this paper, we present a study on the surface modification of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) polymer by plasma treatment. The samples were treated by nitrogen and oxygen plasma for different time periods between 3 and 90 s. The plasma was created by a radio frequency (RF) generator. The gas pressure was fixed at 75 Pa and the discharge power was set to 200 W. The samples were treated in the glow region, where the electrons temperature was about 4 eV, the positive ions density was about 2 × 10 15 m −3 , and the neutral atom density was about 4 × 10 21 m −3 for oxygen and 1 × 10 21 m −3 for nitrogen. The changes in surface morphology were observed by using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Surface wettability was determined by water contact angle measurements while the chemical composition of the surface was analyzed using XPS. The stability of functional groups on the polymer surface treated with plasma was monitored by XPS and wettability measurements in different time intervals. The oxygen-plasma-treated samples showed much more pronounced changes in the surface topography compared to those treated by nitrogen plasma. The contact angle of a water drop decreased from 75• for the untreated sample to 20• for oxygen and 25• for nitrogen-plasma-treated samples for 3 s. It kept decreasing with treatment time for both plasmas and reached about 10• for nitrogen plasma after 1 min of plasma treatment. For oxygen plasma, however, the contact angle kept decreasing even after a minute of plasma treatment and eventually fell below a few degrees. We found that the water contact angle increased linearly with the O/C ratio or N/C ratio in the case of oxygen or nitrogen plasma, respectively. Ageing effects of the plasma-treated surface were more pronounced in the first 3 days; however, the surface hydrophilicity was rather stable later.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of polyester by oxygen‐ and nitrogen‐plasma treatment

Vesel

Junkar

Cvelbar

et al. 2008

Surface & Interface Analysis

259

207

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“…Extrusion is also used to obtain good homogenisation of the mixtures before the sintering process [19,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical behavior analysis of sintered products of natural rubber crumb rubber (NRCR) using adhesives

Crespo¹,

Parrés²,

Nadal³

2009

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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In this work, we began by carrying out an analysis of the mechanical behaviour of sintered Natural Rubber Crumb Rubber (NRCR) optimising the temperature and compression pressure. The results obtained show an improvement in the mechanical properties of the material when the temperature and compression pressure are increased. We then mixed particles of NRCR with different percentages of adhesives with the aim of improving the mechanical performance of the sintered material. The adhesives used in this study were Latex and Polychloroprene, obtaining the best performance for the mixtures with Polychloroprene with a weight percentage of 50 %. The study was completed by an image analysis of the mixtures using a scanning electronic microscope (SEM) in order to observe the NRCR -adhesive reaction.

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“…Indeed, characterizing correctly material properties variation during its processing is mandatory as it helps to predict correctly heat exchanges during the molding and thus design optimal parts. In their work, Likozar and Krajnc [3] studied heat transfer in several elastomers using a pilot scale mold. They showed that a correct description of temperature dependent elastomer thermophysical properties leads to good agreement between measured and predicted temperatures throughout a temperature range between 20°C and 200°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a parametric procedure allowing efficient positioning of heat sources: application to high-temperature composites thermoforming process

Jebara

Belhabib

Boillereaux

et al. 2017

Int. J. Simul. Multisci. Des. Optim.

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Abstract. This work describes the implementation of a simple procedure that helps to easily position the heating elements in press plates used in high-temperature composites thermoforming process. The developed method permits to obtain desired temperature profiles on the surface of the press plates through two main steps. The first step consists in finding out an appropriate parametric curve that defines the spatial location of the heating sources into the thickness of the press heating plates. The second step uses an inverse method that combines a stochastic optimization algorithm in conjunction with finite element simulations. This second step serves for the adjustment of the position curve parameters to obtain a simulated temperature profile as close as possible to the expected one at the press plates surface. This easy-to-implement approach is shown to be very effective to rapidly obtain a suitable location of the heat sources that minimizes energy consumption.

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A study of heat transfer during molding of elastomers

Cited by 28 publications

References 37 publications

Surface modification of polyester by oxygen‐ and nitrogen‐plasma treatment

Surface modification of polyester by oxygen‐ and nitrogen‐plasma treatment

Mechanical behavior analysis of sintered products of natural rubber crumb rubber (NRCR) using adhesives

Implementation of a parametric procedure allowing efficient positioning of heat sources: application to high-temperature composites thermoforming process

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