A study of gingival color.

Fukai, Koichi

doi:10.2329/perio.30.428

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The color of human gingiva has been evaluated using the visual method and different color measuring instruments, including colorimeters, spectrophotometers, and spectroradiometers . Recently, a comprehensive report on color range and color distribution of healthy human gingiva included data for age, gender and ethnicity, and varied cohorts and found that ethnicity and age had significant influence on the color characteristics of gingiva …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The color of human gingiva has been evaluated using the visual method [1][2][3] and different color measuring instruments, including colorimeters, spectrophotometers, and spectroradiometers. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Recently, a comprehensive report on color range and color distribution of healthy human gingiva included data for age, gender and ethnicity, and varied cohorts and found that ethnicity and age had significant influence on the color characteristics of gingiva. 11 Limited information on the fundamental optical properties of human gingiva, its polychromatic nature, and the imperfections of existing gingival shade guides just add to the complexity of the topic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gingival shade guides: Colorimetric and spectral modeling

Ghinea

Herrera

Pérez

et al. 2018

J Esthet Restor Dent

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Providing a shade guide model with a small number of tabs and a coverage error lower than the 50:50% acceptability threshold would be an optimal solution for shade matching in dentistry. However, no actual gingival or tooth shade guide complies with this. The clustering method, with optimization of both Coverage Error and Maximal Error and spectral clustering that enables more reliable color formulation of cluster representatives of shade guide models, represents an advance when it comes to computer modeling in dentistry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gingival shade guides: Colorimetric and spectral modeling

Ghinea

Herrera

Pérez

et al. 2018

J Esthet Restor Dent

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“…The color of human oral tissues was first described in 1950s 7 8 . Other methods have been developed to describe color of human gingiva, including visual assessment using Munsell system and photometric evaluation 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 . However, a systematic review reported some drawbacks in these studies 2 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Color Range and Color Distribution of Healthy Human Gingiva: a Prospective Clinical Study

Ghinea

Herrera

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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The aim of this study is to compile a comprehensive database on color range and color distribution of healthy human gingiva by age, gender and ethnicity. Spectral reflection of keratinized gingiva at upper central incisors was measured by spectroradiometer and converted into CIELAB values. Lightness range (ΔL*) for all groups together was 26.8. Corresponding a* (green-red) and b* (blue-yellow) ranges (Δa* and Δb*) were 18.3 and 13.0. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were recorded by age for L* and a* coordinates, by gender for b* coordinate, and by ethnicity for L*, a* and b* coordinates. R2-values between color coordinates were 0.01 (L*/a*), 0.03 (L*/b*), and 0.12 (a*/b*). The smallest color differences were recorded between age groups 46–60 and 60 + (ΔE* = 0.9), and between Caucasians and Hispanics (ΔE* = 1.1). Color difference by gender was 1.3. When total L*a*b* ranges were divided into four equal segments, 51.7% of subjects had L* value within the third segment (from lightest to darkest), 47.1% had a* value within the third segment (from less red to redder), and 59.3% had b* value within the second segment (from less yellow to yellower). It was found that ethnicity and age had statistically significant influence on the color of human gingiva.

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