A study of distribution of ethyl glucuronide in different keratin matrices

Pirro, Valentina; Corcia, D. Di; Pellegrino, Sergio; Vincenti, Marco; Sciutteri, Bruno; Salomone, Alberto

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.03.026

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As an example, for eight volunteers with EtG in scalp hair below 10 pg/mg, in pubic hair between 12 and 1,370 pg/mg were measured [63]. In agreement with these findings a much higher portion of positive EtG results in pubic hair (62%) than in scalp hair (16%) was found in the total statistics of 2,347 cases [84]. In agreement with these findings a much higher portion of positive EtG results in pubic hair (62%) than in scalp hair (16%) was found in the total statistics of 2,347 cases [84].…”

Section: Etg In Pubic Hairsupporting

confidence: 71%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Alcohol Biomarkers in Hair

Pragst

2015

Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology

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Section: Etg In Pubic Hairsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…EtG in nonhead hair was compared with head hair in several studies [40,50,63,76,84,85]. EtG in nonhead hair was compared with head hair in several studies [40,50,63,76,84,85].…”

Section: General Differences As Compared To Scalp Hairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Biomarkers in Hair

Pragst

2015

Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology

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“…Concentrations of EtG measured in different hair sample types varied significantly and raise concerns about the use of pubic or axillary hair samples as alternative specimens to head hair in the assessment of chronic use of alcohol due to positive and negative biases, respectively [70]. Concentrations of EtG measured in different hair sample types varied significantly and raise concerns about the use of pubic or axillary hair samples as alternative specimens to head hair in the assessment of chronic use of alcohol due to positive and negative biases, respectively [70].…”

Section: Incorporation From External Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and Physiology of Hair, and Principles for its Collection

Cooper¹

2015

Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology

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“…Such lower sensitivities for all biomarkers in our study might be a reflection of a low-to-moderate or intermittent binge-drinking alcohol consumption pattern in a majority of our study participants. Prior studies examining the validity of hEtG included study populations of heavy drinkers (Kronstrand et al, 2012; Morini, Politi, Acito, Groppi, & Polettini, 2009; Morini, Politi, & Polettini, 2009), patients with documented alcohol abuse or dependence (Morini et al, 2011; Pirro, Valente, et al, 2011), subjects with DUI records (Pirro, Di Corcia, et al, 2011), or patients undergoing alcohol detoxification treatment (Appenzeller, Agirman, Neuberg, Yegles, & Wennig, 2007; Politi et al, 2006; Yegles et al, 2004). Thus, it is not surprising that a much higher sensitivity of hEtG (typically > 60%) was reported in these studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylglucuronide in maternal hair as a biomarker of prenatal alcohol exposure

Gutierrez

Hund

Shrestha

et al. 2015

Alcohol

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While direct ethanol metabolites, including ethylglucuronide (EtG), play an important role for the confirmation of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), their utility is often limited by their short half-lives in blood and urine. Maternal hair might allow for a retrospective measure of PAE for up to several months. This study examined the validity of hair EtG (hEtG) relative to self-reporting and five other biomarkers (gamma glutamyltranspeptidase [GGT], carbohydrate-deficient transferrin [%dCDT], urine ethyl glucuronide [uEtG], urine ethyl sulfate [uEtS], and phosphatidylethanol [PEth]) in 85 pregnant women. Patients were recruited from a University of New Mexico prenatal clinic, which provides care to women with substance abuse and addiction disorders, and followed until early postpartum. The composite index, which was based on self-reported measures of alcohol use and allowed us to classify subjects into PAE (n = 42) and control (n = 43) groups, was the criterion measure used to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of hEtG and other biomarkers. Proximal segments of hair were collected at enrollment (average 22.0 gestational weeks) and analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). At the same visit, maternal blood and urine specimens were collected for analysis of GGT, %dCDT, PEth, uEtG, and uEtS. The study population included mostly opioiddependent (80%) patients, a large proportion of ethnic minorities (75.3% Hispanic/Latina, 8.2% American Indian, 4.7% African-American), and patients with low education (48.2% < high school). The mean maternal age at enrollment was 26.7 ± 4.8 years. Hair EtG demonstrated 19% sensitivity and 86% specificity. The sensitivities of other biomarkers were comparable (5–20%) to hEtG in this cohort, but specificities were higher (98–100%). Hair EtG sensitivity improved when combined with other biomarkers, especially with GGT (32.5%) and PEth (27.5%). In addition, validity of hEtG improved in patients with less frequent shampooing and those who did not use hair dyes/chemical treatments. Mothers of two children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome had hEtG levels of 158 and 58 pg/mg. These data suggest that hEtG alone, as measured in maternal hair, is not a sufficiently sensitive or specific biomarker to be used separately for the identification of PAE, but might be useful in a battery along with other maternal biomarkers.

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A study of distribution of ethyl glucuronide in different keratin matrices

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

Alcohol Biomarkers in Hair

Alcohol Biomarkers in Hair

Anatomy and Physiology of Hair, and Principles for its Collection

Ethylglucuronide in maternal hair as a biomarker of prenatal alcohol exposure

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