A study of circulating interleukin 10 in prognostication of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Chan, Stephen L.; Mo, Frankie; Wong, Carmen; Chan, Charles; Leung, Louis M L; Hui, Edwin P.; B.Y., Brigette; Chan, Anthony Tak-cheung; Mok, Tony; Park, Yeon Hee

doi:10.1002/cncr.26726

Cited by 58 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These authors concluded that HCC patients with the highest IL-8 levels had worse survival rates and recommended assessments of IL-8 during HCC. Chan et al (2012) reported that high IL-10 levels portended worse overall survival in patients with HCC. Serum IL-10 level was identified as an independent prognostic factor for unresectable HCC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating IL-6, IL-17 and vitamin D in hepatocellular carcinoma: Potential biomarkers for a more favorable prognosis?

Hammad¹,

Abdelraouf²,

Hassanein

et al. 2013

Journal of Immunotoxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects primarily hepatocytes, leads to development of fibrosis and/or cirrhosis of the liver and is a significant factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Evidence indicates that liver fibrosis contains uncontrolled inflammation as a part of its etiology. Normal cell-mediated immunity plays a central role in the mechanisms involved in viral clearance/persistence in the liver. In this context, cytokines modulate the immune system and exert direct anti-viral activity. To this end, this study investigated potential associations of serum IL-17 and IL-6 with exacerbation of hepatic damage in chronic HCV patients to determine their utility as prognostic markers for potential development of HCC. Chronic HCV-patients were recruited, divided into groups according to degree of liver damage, i.e. patients with perihepatic fibrosis, hepatic cirrhosis, or HCC, and had their blood collected for analysis of liver function and serum IL-6 and IL-17 levels. Interestingly, increases in serum IL-17 levels in the study groups were associated with aggravation of the clinical state from HCV to cirrhosis and then to HCC. Serum IL-6 levels followed a similar pattern. The association of both cytokines with progressive exacerbation of the initial HCV-induced liver damage was further confirmed by correlation analysis that revealed positive correlations between HCV RNA titer and IL-17 (þ0.951, p50.05) and IL-6 (þ0.85, p50.05). A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis revealed their beneficial addition as promising biomarkers for a better prognostic profile of HCC. Interestingly, a significant progressive decline in the active vitamin D status was noted in all three clinical states, and these too were associated with progressive liver disease. This study confirms the necessity of adding screening for IL-6 and IL-17 and vitamin D to that of the classic marker AFP for patients with HCV and cirrhosis to hopefully permit clinicians to initiate measures that ultimately might mitigate/delay development of HCC in these infected patients.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating IL-6, IL-17 and vitamin D in hepatocellular carcinoma: Potential biomarkers for a more favorable prognosis?

Hammad¹,

Abdelraouf²,

Hassanein

et al. 2013

Journal of Immunotoxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies have shown that IL-10 is associated with viral-related inflammation in the liver [36]. Moreover, circulating IL-10 is highly up-regulated in a proportion of HCC patients, and high levels of IL-10 are related to hepatic injury caused by cirrhotic processes and predict a poor prognosis [37,38]. We found that expression of TGF-β and IL-10 increased with progression of HCC, and the relation analysis showed a positive correlation between TGF-β and IL-10 expression in HCC patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGF-β Regulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Inducing Treg Cell Polarization

Shen

Wei²,

Wang³

et al. 2015

Cell Physiol Biochem

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: TGF-β plays a key role in the progression of various tumors. The main objective of our study was to investigate whether TGF-β is able to regulate N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression in a mouse model by inducing Treg cell polarization. Methods: HCC progression, TGF-β and Foxp3 expression levels, serum TGF-β, IL10 and GP73 levels as well as percentage of Treg cells were analyzed in healthy, HCC and HCC+SM-16 mouse groups. The effect of TGF-β on Treg cell polarization in vitro was measured by flow cytometric analysis. The expression of TGF-β and IL10 was identified by IHC in HCC patients and the correlation between TGF-β and IL10 was also assessed. Results: TGF-β expression is up-regulated in a DEN-induced HCC mouse model. TGF-β can promote the differentiation of Foxp3⁺CD4⁺ T cells (Treg cells) in vitro. However, blocking the TGF-β pathway with a specific TGF-β receptor inhibitor, SM-16, reduced HCC progression and the percentage of Treg cells in liver tissue. The correlation between TGF-β and Treg cells was also confirmed in HCC patients and the expression of both TGF-β and IL-10 was shown to be associated with HCC progression. Conclusion: TGF-β is necessary for HCC progression, acting by inducing Treg cell polarization.

show abstract

“…For the semiquantitative way, a minimum of 1000 neoplastic cells were evaluated in each mammary tumor and the VEGF-A immunoexpression was assessed according to five levels: grade 0 (no staining detected in tumor cells), grade 1 (1-24% of tumor area showed positive staining), grade 2 (25-49% of tumor stained), grade 3 (50-75% of tumor stained) and grade 4 >75% of tumor stained). The staining intensity was also evaluated as: level 0 (unstained), + (weak staining), ++ (moderate staining) and +++ (intense staining) [34]. For the quantitative way, a representative image from each tumor was taken with a 40x objective and the VEGF immunoexpression was quantified using an Image Manipulation Program 2.8 (GIMP 2.8, CNE, Free Software Foundation, Boston, USA) [35].…”

Section: Histology and Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term exercise training as a modulator of mammary cancer vascularization

Faustino-Rocha

Silva

Gabriel

et al. 2016

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Breast cancer remains a leading cause of death by cancer worldwide. It is commonly accepted that angiogenesis and the expression of angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is associated with the increased risk of metastasis and poor patient outcome.Objective: This work aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term exercise training on the growth and vascularization of mammary tumors in a rat model. Materials and methods:Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: two N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-exposed groups (exercised and sedentary) and two control groups (exercised and sedentary). MNU was administered once, intraperitoneally at 7 weeks-old. Animals were then exercised on a treadmill for 35 weeks. Mammary tumors were evaluated using thermography, ultrasonography [Power Doppler (PDI), B Flow and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)], and immunohistochemistry (VEGF-A).Results: Both, MNU sedentary and exercised groups showed 100% of tumor incidence, but exercised animals showed less tumors with an increased latency period. Exercise training also enhanced VEGF-A immunoexpression and vascularization (microvessel density, MVD) (p < 0.05), and reduced histological aggressiveness. Ultrasound and 2 -thermal imaging analysis confirmed the enhanced vascularization of tumors on exercised animals.Conclusion: Long-term exercise training increased VEGF-A expression, leading to enhanced tumor vascularization and reduced tumor burden, multiplicity and histological aggressiveness.

show abstract

A study of circulating interleukin 10 in prognostication of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Cited by 58 publications

References 27 publications

Circulating IL-6, IL-17 and vitamin D in hepatocellular carcinoma: Potential biomarkers for a more favorable prognosis?

Circulating IL-6, IL-17 and vitamin D in hepatocellular carcinoma: Potential biomarkers for a more favorable prognosis?

TGF-β Regulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Inducing Treg Cell Polarization

Long-term exercise training as a modulator of mammary cancer vascularization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About