A study of bismuth-film electrodes for the detection of trace metals by anodic stripping voltammetry and their application to the determination of Pb and Zn in tapwater and human hair

Kefala, Georgia; Economou, Anastasios; Voulgaropoulos, Anastasios; Sofoniou, M.

doi:10.1016/s0039-9140(03)00350-3

Cited by 261 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) is considered one of the most sensitive electroanalytical techniques for the determination of trace quantities of heavy metals. (17) To enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of the electrochemical measurement of lead ions, chemically modified electrodes such as bismuth, (18,19) gold nanoparticles, (20,21) titanium dioxide/zirconium dioxide, (22) SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 mixed oxide, (23) and silica (24) have received increasing attention in the past decades. Table 1 summarizes some electrochemical methods that have been developed for Pb 2+ determination.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanoparticles/Ionophore-Modified Screen Printed Electrode for Detection of Pb(II) in River Water Using Linear Sweep Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

2017

Sensors and Materials

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, river water, tap waterIn this study, a screen-printed electrode (SPE) was modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and an ionophore (AuNPs/ionophore/SPE) to provide an electrochemical sensor for the sensitive and selective determination of lead ions using linear sweep anoding stripping voltammetry (LSASV). The effect of electrochemical parameters, including supporting electrolyte, pH, deposition potential, deposition time, and scan rate, on the sensitivity of the sensor for the detection of Pb . The method was used to determine Pb 2+ ions in river and tap water with satisfactory results. The modified electrode displayed benefits such as high sensitivity and selectivity, long time stability, easy preparation, and wide linear range.

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Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanoparticles/Ionophore-Modified Screen Printed Electrode for Detection of Pb(II) in River Water Using Linear Sweep Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

2017

Sensors and Materials

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“…9 Além disso, a determinação de pesticidas, 17 aditivos em alimentos 18 e outros analitos orgânicos utilizando BiFEs também foi descrita. 19,20 Há uma tendência recente em se construir e aplicar eletrodos descartáveis de baixo custo, em substituição aos eletrodos sólidos, uma vez que muitos deles apresentam como desvantagem uma grande dificuldade da renovação e reprodução de sua superfície, além da dificuldade da aplicação em determinações in loco com emprego de potenciostatos portáteis.…”

Section: Os Eletrodos De Mercúrio (Dme -Dropping Mercury Electrode Hunclassified

Construção e aplicação de um minissensor de filme de bismuto utilizando materiais de baixo custo para determinações voltamétricas in loco

Figueiredo-Filho¹,

Janegitz²,

Faria³

et al. 2012

Quím. Nova

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“…The ICP-MS signal intensity at a NCMFE, on the other hand, began to decay seriously after about 4 h. Despite a somewhat shorter lifetime, a NCMFE is still substantially more stable than a TMFE (a 100-nm thick Hg film at the same flow rate lasted for less than 0.5 h). Another attractive feature of NCBFEs [31,32,34,35] is that degassing of the analyte samples, as required for ASV at a TMFE, is not necessary. The improvement of the hydrodynamic stability of the bismuth or mercury thin film by the Nafion coating has been noted in the literature [27][28][29].…”

Section: Durability Of the Ncbfes And Ncmfesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We, therefore, envisioned that Nafion-coated mercury film electrodes (NCMFEs) should be a viable remedy for conventional mercury films used for ASV-ICP-MS. Recently, bismuth film electrodes (BFEs) have emerged as an environmentally friendly alternative to TMFEs for ASV [32][33][34][35][36]. BFEs and Nafion-coated BFEs (NCBFEs) retain many desirable features of mercury (e.g., high voltammetric signal intensity, well-resolved stripping peaks, and high hydrogen overpotentials [20], are efficient in enriching metal ions, and possess high hydrodynamic stability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion-coated bismuth film and nafion-coated mercury film electrodes for anodic stripping voltammetry combined on-line with ICP-mass spectrometry

Cao

Jiménez

Zhou

et al. 2006

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Nafion-coated bismuth film electrodes (NCBFEs) and Nafion-coated mercury film electrodes (NCMFEs) were used to electrochemically preconcentrate metal analytes for subsequent analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Either type of electrodes is part of a thin-layer electrochemical flow cell that is positioned upstream of a microconcentric nebulizer for the ICP-MS. Performances of these electrodes were compared in terms of the analytical "figures of merit" (e.g., dynamic ranges, reproducibility, hydrodynamic stability, and elimination of matrix effects detrimental to ICP-MS). The coupled technique (ASV-ICP-MS) is found to possess a wide dynamic range (at least 4 to 5 orders of magnitude) and to be reproducible. Both electrodes are much more stable than the thin mercury film electrode (TMFE) traditionally used for ASV-ICP-MS, with the lifetime of the NCBFE exceeding 8 h. Adopting these electrodes for ASV-ICP-MS overcomes the problems associated with a TMFE, the erosion of which decreases the sample throughput, affects the analysis precision, and contaminates conventional glass nebulizers and spray chambers of the spectrometer. The medium exchange procedure inherent in ASV is successfully implemented with a two-valve flow injection system for the accumulation of trace Cd 2ϩ into the electrode from a certified seawater sample, followed by stripping Cd into a solution that is compatible to the ICP-MS operation. [7][8][9], and studies of electrode reactions involving adsorption/desorption of metals or metal-containing species [10 -12]. Various applications of this combination have been reviewed [1,2]. Earlier work in this field centered on the use of a flow-through electrochemical cell housing a mercurycoated reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) working electrode [7,[13][14][15][16], and demonstrated that amalgam-forming metal ions (e.g., Cd 2ϩ , Cu 2ϩ , Pb 2ϩ , etc.) could be analyzed with few matrix effects [7]. The elimination of both ICP spectroscopic and nonspectroscopic interferences [17][18][19] resulted from the use of a mediumexchange procedure of ASV [20], in which the flow cell can be thoroughly washed with an interference-free solution (e.g., dilute HNO 3 or high-purity ammonium acetate buffer) before diverting the cell eluent for the subsequent voltammetric scan and ICP-MS analysis. The stripped metals elute in distinct sample plugs and can be easily monitored by time-resolved ICP-MS measurements. Elements whose oxidation states are indistinguishable by ICP-MS (e.g., As(III) and Cr(VI)) have also been deposited onto and stripped off the RVC electrode for subsequent ICP-MS analysis [14,16].In the past ten years or so, efforts were focused on the use of a thin-layer flow cell incorporating a disk electrode [4, 5, 8 -11, 21]. Such a cell was demonstrated to be more advantageous than the flow-through cell, because greater preconcentration efficiency, faster cell clean-up, and smaller sample consumption can all be realized. The thin-layer flow cell design has been successfully utilized b...

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A study of bismuth-film electrodes for the detection of trace metals by anodic stripping voltammetry and their application to the determination of Pb and Zn in tapwater and human hair

Cited by 261 publications

References 11 publications

Gold Nanoparticles/Ionophore-Modified Screen Printed Electrode for Detection of Pb(II) in River Water Using Linear Sweep Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

Gold Nanoparticles/Ionophore-Modified Screen Printed Electrode for Detection of Pb(II) in River Water Using Linear Sweep Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

Construção e aplicação de um minissensor de filme de bismuto utilizando materiais de baixo custo para determinações voltamétricas in loco

Nafion-coated bismuth film and nafion-coated mercury film electrodes for anodic stripping voltammetry combined on-line with ICP-mass spectrometry

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