A Student-Made Silver–Silver Chloride Reference Electrode for the General Chemistry Laboratory: ∼10 min Preparation

Abstract

A student-prepared silver−silver chloride reference electrode is described. The chemical deposition of AgCl(s) onto Ag(s) is accomplished in 30−50 s by placement of a Ag(s) wire in laundry bleach. An autopipettor tip with an agarose gel plug serves as the electrode housing; the agarose gel contains predissolved KNO 3 . Reference electrode preparation is completed in about 10 min, allowing enough time for laboratory exercises that utilize the electrode. Preparation and operation of the electrode and recovery of the Ag(s) are designed to teach a number of important chemistry principles.

Group 6 Layered Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides in Lab-on-a-Chip Devices: 1T-Phase WS2 for Microfluidics Non-Enzymatic Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide

“…39,40 With carbon ink as a base material, a pseudo reference electrode of silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) is fabricated by printing a layer of silver conductive ink over the carbon material followed by treatment with bleach. 41 The formation of AgCl upon bleach treatment is illustrated in the EDS elemental mapping (Figure S1). OCP determination of three separate pseudo reference electrodes revealed a high reproducibility of the fabrication method with a relative potential of 31.7 ± 0.2 mV versus commercially obtained Ag/AgCl electrode (Figure S2).…”

Power generation by reverse electrodialysis in a single-layer nanoporous membrane made from core–rim polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

“…Nanofluidic measurements were carried out using a low noise patchclamp set-up with a 100 kHz bandwidth amplifier (Axopatch 200B, Axon Instruments) equipped with two Ag/AgCl electrodes connected, respectively, to the anode and cathode of the amplifier. The home-made salt bridge was prepared following a previously reported procedure 54,55 .…”

In situ formation of gold nanoparticles in polymer inclusion membrane: Application as platform in a label-free potentiometric immunosensor for Salmonella typhimurium detection

“…Finally, the electrodes were filled with a TPB solution (10 mg mL −1 in PB) and placed in a moist atmosphere at 4°C during the conditioning treatment and when they were not in use. For the potentiometric measurements, homemade Ag/AgCl electrodes [30] were used as inner reference in the pipette tip biosensors. A schematic representation of the procedure was detailed in Supporting information (SI Fig.…”