A strategy to enhance the thermal stability of a nanostructured polypyrrole-based coating for solid phase microextraction

Abstract

We report on a nanostructured self-doped polypyrrole (SPPy) film that was prepared by an electrochemical technique in an electrolyte containing fluorosulfonic acid as the sulfonation reagent. The film was applied as a new fiber material for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of the pesticides lindane, heptachlor, aldrin, endosulfans I and II prior to their quantitation by GC with electron capture detection. The SPPy nanoparticles have a diameter of <100 nm. The introduction of covalently bound sulfo groups into the backbone of the polymer resulted in improved temperature resistance (~350°C) and satisfactory extraction efficiency. The thermal stability of the SPPy fiber is superior to common polypyrrole fibers. Extraction was optimized by means of the Taguchi orthogonal array experimental design with an OA 16 (4 5 ) matrix including extraction temperature, extraction time, salt concentration, stirring rate, and headspace volume. The method displays good repeatability (RSD<6%) and linearity (in the range from 0.78 to 100 ng mL −1 ; with an R 2 of >0.998. The detection limits are <0.23 ng mL −1 . The method was successfully applied to the analysis of the pesticides in skimmed milk and fruit juice samples, and recoveries are from 84±1 to 105±1%.

Solid‐phase microextraction of phthalate esters by a new coating based on a thermally stable polypyrrole/graphene oxide composite

“…In another unpublished work at lower inlet temperature (150ЊC), a single PPy/GO fiber was used >60 times for extraction of some volatile organic compounds, without any significant loss of extraction ability of the fiber. The fiber reusability was good and comparable with many of the previously proposed fibers used for SPME applications [26][27][28].…”

“…The analytical performance of the proposed SPME method by PPy/GO SPME fiber was validated through the determination of linear range, LOD, LOQ, and intraday and interday precisions of the method under the optimized SPME [27] conditions. The linear calibration curves were established based on seven points.…”

Automated direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction using crosslinked polymeric ionic liquid sorbent coatings for the determination of water pollutants by gas chromatography

“…Among novel materials in SPME, it is important to highlight molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) [6], nanomaterials (NMs) based Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00216-015-8658-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. on nanoporous silica [7], NMs of metals or metal oxides [8], conductive polymers (CPs) [9], graphene [10], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [11], metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) [12], as well as ionic liquids (ILs) and polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) [13].…”

A perspective on the growth of chemometrics in Iran: a glance into activities between 2005 and 2012

“…Among them, 340 papers are categorized in the subject field of chemistry. The multivariate statistical methods are most used in chromatography, spectrophotometry, electrochemistry, and applied chemistry . Our search showed that there are only eight documents in the field of experimental design published by Iranian chemists from 2000 to 2004.…”