A state-of-the-art review of the vibration and noise of wind turbine drivetrains

Xu, Zengshi; Wei, Jing; Zhang, Shijie; Liu, Zhirou; Xiang-qian, Chen; Yan, Qiang; Guo, Jianpeng

doi:10.1016/j.seta.2021.101629

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…A Wind turbine is a device that captures wind energy through its rotating blades and converts the wind energy into electrical energy using its drivetrains. Wind turbine drivetrains are classed into direct drive(DD) and gear type, which has a gearbox; both classes have a hub as the input, the main shaft as the transfer and the generator as the output [5]. Other wind turbine components include main shaft bearings, mechanical brake, shaft bearing, yaw systems, power electronic systems, hydraulic and cooling systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-Driven Predictive Maintenance of Wind Turbine Based on SCADA Data

Udo

Muhammad²

2021

IEEE Access

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Rystad Energy's analysis shows that installed offshore wind capacity will rise to 27.5 GW in 2026 from 10.5 GW in 2020. This report indicates that increasingly complex maintenance needs must be met for wind turbines(WTs). IRENA report shows that offshore wind operation and maintenance (OM) costs typically constitute 16-25% of the cost of electricity for offshore wind farms deployed in the G20 countries. Data collection and analytics, predictive maintenance, and production output optimisation of WTs must be explored to increase operational reliability and reduce maintenance costs of WTs. Predictive maintenance in wind turbines can be achieved by analysing data obtained by sensors already equipped with the WT. This network of sensors forms part of a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. We developed a method for monitoring and detecting anomalies in the WT critical components, such as the gearbox and the generator. The proposed approach is based on the historical SCADA data that is common in most wind farms. We developed models using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to build the characteristics behaviour of critical WT components, and Statistical Process Control (SPC) was used to evaluate its anomalous behaviour. The proposed method was tested on two real case studies regarding six different WT to determine its effectiveness and applicability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-Driven Predictive Maintenance of Wind Turbine Based on SCADA Data

Udo

Muhammad²

2021

IEEE Access

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“…The high-speed train gearbox has special working environment in comparison with gear transmission systems in machine tools, aviation, wind turbines, etc. [5][6][7][8]. The gear wheel is fixed on the wheelset axle directly through interference fit, and the gearbox housing is hinged with the wheelset axle through bearing; due to this installation method, the vibration of the wheelset will be transferred to the gearbox directly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibration and Stress Response of High-Speed Train Gearboxes under Different Excitations

Zhu

Sun

2022

Applied Sciences

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The vibration data of the gearbox on a high-speed train was measured, and the vibration characteristics were analyzed in this paper. The dynamic stress of the gearbox under the internal and external excitation was examined by a railway vehicle dynamic model with a flexible gearbox and a flexible wheelset. The ideal 20th polygonal wear was considered, and dynamic stresses of the gearbox under different polygonal wear amplitudes were calculated. The gear transmission model was established to study the dynamic stress of the gearbox under the influence of the time-varying stiffness of the gear meshing. Based on the rigid–flexible coupling model, and considering the influence of wheel polygonization, gear meshing time-varying stiffness, and wheelset elastic deformation, the dynamic stress of the gearbox was investigated with consideration of the measured polygonal wear and measured rail excitation. The results show that the dynamic stress of the gearbox is dominated by the wheel polygonization. Moreover, not only the wheel polygonization excites the resonance of the gearbox, but also the flexible deformation of the wheelset leads to the deformation of the gearbox, which also increases the dynamic stress of the gearbox. Within the resonant bandwidth of the frequency, the amplitude of the dynamic stresses in the gearbox will increase considerably compared with the normal case.

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“…Owing to government incentives and technology advancements in recent years, wind-based generation is becoming more widespread across the world. Hence, generating power from wind energy helps long-term sustainability [1]. At present, wind power generation supplies about 2.5 percent of total energy demand [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent IoT Wind Emulation System Based on Real-Time Data Fetching Approach

et al. 2022

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The fundamental challenge for the development of the wind energy conversion system is the natural instability of this resource, which is now at the forefront of the debate. The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a smart and practical approach to renewable energy system management. In addition, the Internet of Things is an important study area with several possibilities for advancement and demanding work. To improve the dependability of wind energy conversion systems, researchers may simulate all potential wind turbine operating scenarios and design power electronics topologies and control algorithms appropriately. The proposed wind emulation platform is wind-turbine-oriented, with significantly increased traceability and efficiency when compared to existing systems. The wind emulation system is driven with real-time wind velocity data. The real-time and forecasted wind data is fetched from global nodes using an IoT cloud application programming interface. The wind emulation system is modelled in the VEE Pro platform and integrated with IoT cloud API and FPGA controller. Data obtained from IoT is converted into actionable information to analyse and investigate wind turbine performance. Also, effective security measures have been taken for ESP8266 communication with the Host Computer. Adapting the proposed IoT algorithm with an associated hardware prototype, the condition of the wind energy conversion system and the power generation capability shall be analyzed in a real-time environment.

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A state-of-the-art review of the vibration and noise of wind turbine drivetrains

Cited by 23 publications

References 148 publications

Data-Driven Predictive Maintenance of Wind Turbine Based on SCADA Data

Data-Driven Predictive Maintenance of Wind Turbine Based on SCADA Data

Vibration and Stress Response of High-Speed Train Gearboxes under Different Excitations

Intelligent IoT Wind Emulation System Based on Real-Time Data Fetching Approach

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