A Standard Lipid Panel Is Insufficient for the Care of a Patient on a High-Fat, Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet

Norwitz, Nicholas G.; Loh, Vyvyane

doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.00097

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…HDL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides were all within normal limits at 54 mg/dL, 129 mg/dL and 97 mg/dL, respectively [ 35 ]. It has been suggested that a standard lipid panel may not be sufficient to analyze the effect of KDTs on cardiovascular disease (CVD) [ 83 ]. Subfractions of HDL and LDL vary by particle size and density and have been proposed as a measure to improve assessment of CVD risk [ 84 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of a Ketogenic Diet in Children and Adolescents with Refractory Epilepsy—A Review

et al. 2020

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Epilepsy in the pediatric and adolescent populations is a devastating condition where individuals are prone to recurrent epileptic seizures or changes in behavior or movement that is the direct result of a primary change in the electrical activity in the brain. Although many children with epilepsy will have seizures controlled with antiseizure medications (ASMs), a large percentage of patients are refractory to drug therapy and may consider initiating a ketogenic diet. The term Ketogenic Diet or Ketogenic Diet Therapy (KDT) refers to any diet therapy in which dietary composition results in a ketogenic state of human metabolism. Currently, there are 4 major Ketogenic diet therapies—the classic ketogenic diet (cKD), the modified Atkins diet (MAD), the medium chain triglyceride ketogenic diet (MCTKD) and the low glycemic index treatment (LGIT). The compositions of the 4 main KDTs differ and limited evidence to distinguish the efficacy among different diets currently exists. Although it is apparent that more randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and long-term studies are needed to evaluate efficacy, side effects and individual response to the diet, it is imperative to study and understand the metabolic profiles of patients with epilepsy in order to isolate which dietary restrictions are necessary to maximize clinical benefit.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of a Ketogenic Diet in Children and Adolescents with Refractory Epilepsy—A Review

et al. 2020

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“…In this regard, greater LDL-cholesterol levels associated with a KD during weight loss has been previously reported [ 52 ]. However, lipid profile changes raised by KD may need a deeper analysis, considering also lipid sub-fractionations [ 53 ]. Therefore, large-scale, long-term intervention trials with comparative arms are needed to prove safety and efficacy of KD in NAFLD.…”

Section: Nutritional Management Of Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Approaches for the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Evidence-Based Review

2020

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is on the rise worldwide representing a public health issue. Its coexistence with obesity and other metabolic alterations is highly frequent. Therefore, current therapy interventions for NAFLD are mainly focused on progressive weight loss through modulation of overall calorie intake with or without specific macronutrient adjustments. Furthermore, other relevant nutritional interventions are built on food selection and time-restricted eating. Since every strategy might bring different results, choosing the optimal diet therapy for a patient is a complicated task, because NAFLD is a multifactorial complex disease. Importantly, some factors need to be considered, such as nutrition-based evidence in terms of hepatic morphophysiological improvements as well as adherence of the patient to the meal plan and adaptability in their cultural context. Thus, the purpose of this review is to explore and compare the subtleties and nuances of the most relevant clinical practice guidelines and the nutritional approaches for the management of NAFLD with a special attention to tangible outcomes and long-term adherence.

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“…A more recently published case study on a young man who used a Mediterranean KD diet for treating his IBS had some interesting findings [ 120 ]. The doctors looked at more detailed lipid subfractions to determine the lipid outcomes of cardiovascular risk, which was unique.…”

Section: The Effect Of the Ketogenic Diet On Lipidology And Cardiovascular Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Health Benefits of the Ketogenic Diet: A Narrative Review

Dowis

Banga

2021

Nutrients

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Considering the lack of a comprehensive, multi-faceted overview of the ketogenic diet (KD) in relation to health issues, we compiled the evidence related to the use of the ketogenic diet in relation to its impact on the microbiome, the epigenome, diabetes, weight loss, cardiovascular health, and cancer. The KD diet could potentially increase genetic diversity of the microbiome and increase the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes. The epigenome might be positively affected by the KD since it creates a signaling molecule known as β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). KD has helped patients with diabetes reduce their HbA1c and reduce the need for insulin. There is evidence to suggest that a KD can help with weight loss, visceral adiposity, and appetite control. The evidence also suggests that eating a high-fat diet improves lipid profiles by lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL), increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and lowering triglycerides (TG). Due to the Warburg effect, the KD is used as an adjuvant treatment to starve cancer cells, making them more vulnerable to chemotherapy and radiation. The potential positive impacts of a KD on each of these areas warrant further analysis, improved studies, and well-designed randomized controlled trials to further illuminate the therapeutic possibilities provided by this dietary intervention.

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A Standard Lipid Panel Is Insufficient for the Care of a Patient on a High-Fat, Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

Efficacy and Safety of a Ketogenic Diet in Children and Adolescents with Refractory Epilepsy—A Review

Efficacy and Safety of a Ketogenic Diet in Children and Adolescents with Refractory Epilepsy—A Review

Nutritional Approaches for the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Evidence-Based Review

The Potential Health Benefits of the Ketogenic Diet: A Narrative Review

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