A squaraine-based sodium selective fluorescent chemosensor

Oguz, Umut; Akkaya, Engin U.

doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(98)01165-4

Cited by 50 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Squaraines compounds have characteristic narrow absorption and emission bands with high extinction coefficients. [63][64] They have been utilized in a variety of applications, including as chemosensors for metal ions [65][66][67][68] and thiols, 69 as indicators of membrane polarity, 70 and as guests encapsulated in aromatic macrocycles. [71][72][73] Squaraines have also been utilized extensively for biological imaging.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoluminescent energy transfer from poly(phenyleneethynylene)s to near‐infrared emitting fluorophores

Levine

Song

Andrew

et al. 2010

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Photoluminescent energy transfer was investigated in conjugated polymer-fluorophore blended thin films. A pentiptycene-containing poly(phenyleneethynylene) was used as the energy donor, and 13 fluorophores were used as energy acceptors. The efficiency of energy transfer was measured by monitoring both the quenching of the polymer emission IntroductionThe highly efficient energy transfer 1 and exciton migration processes 2 in conjugated polymers can be exploited in various electronic applications 3-11 and in amplifying sensor responses. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Highly sensitive, amplified quenching of polymer emission has been accomplished with various quenchers in solution as well as in the solid state. [20][21][22][23][24][25] Applications of this amplified quenching include the detection of chemical and biological analytes, 26-38 and explosives. 39 In contrast to turn-off sensors based on amplified polymer quenching, turn-on sensors have the advantage of potentially being even more sensitive and selective, 40-41 especially if the new signal can be generated on a completely dark background. Some examples of turn-on sensors have been developed previously. [42][43][44][45] In many of these sensors, the emission spectrum of the donor overlaps with the emission spectrum of the acceptor. This overlap leads to decreased sensitivity in turn-on sensory applications, as even in the absence of the acceptor there is background donor emission in the same spectral region, and hence not the desired completely dark background.Recent results from our group have demonstrated superior energy transfer with reduced spectral overlap between the absorption spectra of the streptavidin-functionalized fluorophore acceptors and the emission spectrum of the biotin-functionalized Additionally, turn-on sensors that display a new fluorescence emission in the nearinfrared (NIR) region (650-900 nm) are highly desirable for biological applications. [47][48] Biological chromophores exhibit low absorption and auto-fluorescence in this spectral region, which allows photons to penetrate biological tissue. 49 Some applications of NIR fluorophores in biological imaging have been reported; 50-55 however, the use of conjugated polymers as energy donors in combination with NIR energy acceptors allows for highly amplified fluorescence emission in a spectral region that is free of interfering signals (neither the polymer donor nor biological analytes fluoresce in this region).We report herein a thorough investigation of the energy transfer between a conjugated PPE and 13 commercially available and readily-synthesized fluorophores. These compounds have absorption maxima ranging from 537 nm to 686 nm, with many of the compounds absorbing and fluorescing in the NIR region. We show highly efficient energy transfer from the PPE to the fluorophores, with nearly 100-fold fluorescence amplification in the NIR region from exciting the PPE compared to exciting a squaraine chromophore directly. Experimental

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoluminescent energy transfer from poly(phenyleneethynylene)s to near‐infrared emitting fluorophores

Levine

Song

Andrew

et al. 2010

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…In presence of Na + ions, the fluorescence signal weakly increases while it significantly decreases in presence of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and Ba 2+ and does not change substantially upon addition of K + ions. The same squaraine 23a and the azacrown-squaraine 23b [82] were used for Na + and K + sensing in a plasticized PVC matrix [83]. The squaraine derivatives exhibited fluorescence emission based optical responses to Na + and K + with a detection limit of 10 -9 M. The sensor compositions exhibited wide response ranges between 10 -9 and 10 -5 M Na + or K + , and, therefore, may be an alternative method to flame emission spectroscopy.…”

Section: Metal Cation Chemosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Wavelength Probes and Labels Based on Cyanines and Squaraines

Patsenker

Tatarets

Terpetschnig³

2010

Springer Series on Fluorescence

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In this review, we make an attempt to compare the characteristics and applications of red and near infrared cyanine and squaraine dyes used for biological research, biomedical assays, and high-throughput screening. While the favorable photophysical properties of cyanine dyes makes them predestined as covalent labels, the environmentally sensitive squaraine dyes are utilizable as both florescent probes and labels. Reducing the aggregation tendencies of these dyes in aqueous media seems to be one of the most promising ways to improve their brightness, fluorescence lifetimes, and photostability. Indolenine-based squaraines including ring-substituted squaraines exhibit great potential for the design of bright and sensitive fluorescent probes and labels with increased photostability.

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“…SQ dyes are extensively used in sensor design [9][10][11][12][13], photodynamic therapy [14][15][16][17][18][19], photovoltaics [20][21][22][23], photo conducting devices [24], imaging process [25,26], conjugated polymers [27][28][29], nonlinear optics [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37], optical recordings [24,38,39], solar energy conversions [40][41][42][43], electrophotography [44], organic light-emitting diodes [45,46], supramolecular architectures [47][48][49][50] photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells [51][52][53][54][55] and so on. Therefore, in the past several decades, squaraine chemistry has...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%