A spectrophotometric assay method for vanadium in biological and environmental samples using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine with imipramine hydrochloride

Abstract

A simple, rapid, and sensitive method involving the interaction of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine with imipramine hydrochloride in presence of vanadium (V) in sulfuric acid medium has been proposed for the determination of vanadium. The purple-colored product developed showed an absorption maximum at 560 nm and was stable for 24 h. The working curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.1-2.8 μg ml( - 1), with sensitivity of detection of 0.0124 μg ml( - 1). Molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity were found to be 2.6 × 10(4) l/mol cm and 0.0039 μg cm( - 1), respectively. The accuracy of the proposed method was assessed by Student's t test and variance ratio F test, and the results were on par with the reported method. The method was successfully used in the determination of V in water, human urine, soil, and plant samples, and it was free from interference by various concomitant ions.

Development of a high sensitivity photometric procedure for the determination of vanadium in mineral and fresh waters employing a downsized multicommuted flow analysis approach

“…7,8,16,17 Vanadium in aqueous media may occur in the oxidation states from (II) to (V), but the forms V(IV) and V(V) are the most stable. The form V(V) is considered more toxic than V(IV), 2,10,12,18 thereby vanadium has both benecial and toxic characteristics, while a close relationship is maintained between the essential concentration and levels of toxicity. In this sense, development of analytical procedures for its determination has attracted much interest.…”

“…1 Nowadays, vanadium is used in the manufacture of printing inks, pigments, steel, and glass, as well as in the catalyst and ceramic industries. [2][3][4] Vanadium occurs in several minerals and fossil compounds including crude oil, coal, oil shale, and tar sands. 5,6 The industrial use of vanadium as well as burning of fossil fuels are considered to be the main sources of vanadium released into the environment, reaching soil and water supply.…”

“…In this sense, development of analytical procedures for its determination has attracted much interest. Procedures for vanadium determination have been implemented in several types of samples, employing detection techniques such as uorimetry, 14 spectrophotometry, 2,7,10,12,[17][18][19] atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization, 20,21 and optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. 22,23 Spectrophotometry is a detection technique widely employed for vanadium determination and to improve sensitivity, analytical procedures have been implemented employing preconcentration steps including solvent extraction, 5,10 solid phase extraction 7,12 and solid phase spectrophotometry.…”

“…22,23 Spectrophotometry is a detection technique widely employed for vanadium determination and to improve sensitivity, analytical procedures have been implemented employing preconcentration steps including solvent extraction, 5,10 solid phase extraction 7,12 and solid phase spectrophotometry. 16 Analytical procedures carried out manually are very time consuming and produce large volumes of waste 2,5,[7][8][9]12,17,18 and as a result, additional work is required to dispose the waste appropriately in order to minimize the impairment of the environmental sustainability. Analytical procedures for vanadium determination have also been implemented employing the ow injection analysis (FIA) process, thus allowing throughput improvement.…”

Desenvolvimento de procedimentos analíticos empregando multicomutação em sistemas de análises em fluxo para determinação fotométrica de vanádio em águas e estanho em alimentos

“…69 Neste sentido, o desenvolvimento de procedimentos analíticos para sua determinação tem despertado muito interesse, os quais tem sido implementados para vários tipos de amostras, com o emprego de técnicas de detecção como a fluorimetria, 70 a espectrofotometria, 71 a espectrometria de absorção atômica com atomização eletrotérmica, 72 além da espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma acoplado indutivamente. 73 Para a determinação de vanádio com detecção espectrofotométrica, são encontradas na literatura algumas estratégias empregando etapas de concentração, incluindo extração com solventes orgânicos, 74 extração em fase sólida 75 e extração em fase sólida com detecção simultânea 76 .Os procedimentos analíticos realizados manualmente são morosos e produzem grandes volumes de efluente,77 consequentemente são necessárias etapas adicionais para a eliminação dos resíduos, a fim de aumentar o comprometimento com a sustentabilidade ambiental. Outros procedimentos analíticos tem sido implementados explorando as análises em fluxo, o que reduz os volumes utilizados.…”