A Solar—Hydrogen Energy System

Justi, E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-1781-4

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 73 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, some undesirable effects, such as flash-backs (an explosion caused by a flame entering the area from which the hydrogen was supplied) and high NO x formation at relatively high hydrogen concentrations, can also be observed [104,112]. Table 1 presents the combustion properties of hydrogen in ambient air [58,112,113]. The minimal ignition energy of hydrogen is 0.02 mJ (within its flammability range), which is an order of magnitude lower than that of methane (0.29 mJ).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combustion velocity of hydrogen is higher than that of conventional fuels (e.g., 2.65-3.25 m/s compared to 0.37-0.45 m/s for methane). Generally, if the combustion velocity is high, there is a risk of flash-backs, whereas a low velocity increases the risk of blow-off [58]. In the case of hydrogen combustion, the high combustion velocity means that the risk of flash-backs is higher than that of blow-offs.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, on the surface of nano-sized Pt particles, the CHC reaction can be initiated at sub-zero temperatures, whereas gaseous hydrogen combustion typically initiates at 585 • C in the absence of a catalyst [120,123]. More so, hydrogen is relatively sensitive to catalytic combustion as, for instance, the catalytic combustion of methane proceeds at 275-450 • C [58,[124][125][126][127].…”

Section: Chcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The catalyst consisted of Pd on a hydrophobic support. Using the recombination catalyst, a heating installation using CHC was developed [58]. Mercea et al examined the CHC over a Pt-based catalyst for spatial heating [175].…”

Section: Devices For Chcmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Catalytic Hydrogen Combustion for Domestic and Safety Applications: A Critical Review of Catalyst Materials and Technologies

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spatial heating and cooking account for a significant fraction of global domestic energy consumption. It is therefore likely that hydrogen combustion will form part of a hydrogen-based energy economy. Catalytic hydrogen combustion (CHC) is considered a promising technology for this purpose. CHC is an exothermic reaction, with water as the only by-product. Compared to direct flame-based hydrogen combustion, CHC is relatively safe as it foregoes COx, CH4, and under certain conditions NOx formation. More so, the risk of blow-off (flame extinguished due to the high fuel flow speed required for H2 combustion) is adverted. CHC is, however, perplexed by the occurrence of hotspots, which are defined as areas where the localized surface temperature is higher than the average surface temperature over the catalyst surface. Hotspots may result in hydrogen’s autoignition and accelerated catalyst degradation. In this review, catalyst materials along with the hydrogen technologies investigated for CHC applications were discussed. We showed that although significant research has been dedicated to CHC, relatively limited commercial applications have been identified up to date. We further showed the effect of catalyst support selection on the performance and durability of CHC catalysts, as well as a holistic summary of existing catalysts used for various CHC applications and catalytic burners. Lastly, the relevance of CHC applications for safety purposes was demonstrated.

show abstract

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Devices For Chcmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Catalytic Hydrogen Combustion for Domestic and Safety Applications: A Critical Review of Catalyst Materials and Technologies

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…K. F. Langley (1987), van der Toorn (1987), HaIl and Overend (1987), and World Bank (1980). '°See Justi (1987) and Beghi (1983) for analyses of the hydrogen option. 'Mendis, Terrado and Fitzgerald (1988).…”

Section: Carbon Accumulations and Technical Progressmentioning

confidence: 99%