A Small Protein Required for the Switch from σ
 F
 to σ
 G
 during Sporulation in
 Bacillus subtilis

Camp, Amy H.; Wang, Anna F.; Losick, Richard

doi:10.1128/jb.00949-10

Cited by 12 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…General microscopy methods have been previously described (19). Briefly, cells expressing the spoIIE-gfp fusion gene were collected at hours 2.5 and 3.5 of sporulation to acquire images of each forespore engulfment stage.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We were curious if this conserved sequence might also be sufficient to repress G activity in a promoter ordinarily activated by both F and G . We chose as our test promoter that of the putative F inhibitor gene fin (previously yabK) (19). Not only has P fin been demonstrated to be activated by both F and G (19), but P fin also harbors a Ϫ35 element identical to that found in P1 csfB (GTATA).…”

Section: Y28amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inhibition of F prior to this switch, among other unidentified mechanisms, is mediated by a small protein called Fin (previously called YabK) (19). To complete the switch, G must escape direct inhibition by CsfB, though how this occurs is unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Membrane-Embedded Amino Acid Couples the SpoIIQ Channel Protein to Anti-Sigma Factor Transcriptional Repression during Bacillus subtilis Sporulation

et al. 2016

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SpoIIQ is an essential component of a channel connecting the developing forespore to the adjacent mother cell during Bacillus subtilis sporulation. This channel is generally required for late gene expression in the forespore, including that directed by the late-acting sigma factor G . Here, we present evidence that SpoIIQ also participates in a previously unknown gene regulatory circuit that specifically represses expression of the gene encoding the anti-sigma factor CsfB, a potent inhibitor of G . The csfB gene is ordinarily transcribed in the forespore only by the early-acting sigma factor F . However, in a mutant lacking the highly conserved SpoIIQ transmembrane amino acid Tyr-28, csfB was also aberrantly transcribed later by G , the very target of CsfB inhibition. This regulation of csfB by SpoIIQ Tyr-28 is specific, given that the expression of other F -dependent genes was unaffected. Moreover, we identified a conserved element within the csfB promoter region that is both necessary and sufficient for SpoIIQ Tyr-28-mediated inhibition. These results indicate that SpoIIQ is a bifunctional protein that not only generally promotes G activity in the forespore as a channel component but also specifically maximizes G activity as part of a gene regulatory circuit that represses G -dependent expression of its own inhibitor, CsfB. Finally, we demonstrate that SpoIIQ Tyr-28 is required for the proper localization and stability of the SpoIIE phosphatase, raising the possibility that these two multifunctional proteins cooperate to fine-tune developmental gene expression in the forespore at late times. IMPORTANCECellular development is orchestrated by gene regulatory networks that activate or repress developmental genes at the right time and place. Late gene expression in the developing Bacillus subtilis spore is directed by the alternative sigma factor G . The activity of G requires a channel apparatus through which the adjacent mother cell provides substrates that generally support gene expression. Here we report that the channel protein SpoIIQ also specifically maximizes G activity as part of a previously unknown regulatory circuit that prevents G from activating transcription of the gene encoding its own inhibitor, the anti-sigma factor CsfB. The discovery of this regulatory circuit significantly expands our understanding of the gene regulatory network controlling late gene expression in the developing B. subtilis spore. C ellular development requires that complex molecular and morphological events occur in a precisely controlled spatiotemporal manner. Gene regulatory networks underlie and orchestrate these events, ensuring that the appropriate suites of developmental genes are activated or repressed at the right time and place (1). Endospore formation (sporulation) by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis is an ancient differentiation process and premier model system for studies of how gene regulatory networks drive prokaryotic development. Under favorable conditions, B. subtilis demonstrates vegetative growth by ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Y28amentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Membrane-Embedded Amino Acid Couples the SpoIIQ Channel Protein to Anti-Sigma Factor Transcriptional Repression during Bacillus subtilis Sporulation

et al. 2016

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“…The protease LonA prevents activation of G under nonsporulation conditions (40). A fourth protein, Fin, was recently shown to be necessary for an efficient transition from F to G activity in the prespore; in the absence of Fin, G activity is substantially reduced (6). However, Fin does not affect the timing of G activation upon completion of engulfment; rather, G -directed fin transcription appears to enhance fin expression so as to ensure efficient G activation (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A fourth protein, Fin, was recently shown to be necessary for an efficient transition from F to G activity in the prespore; in the absence of Fin, G activity is substantially reduced (6). However, Fin does not affect the timing of G activation upon completion of engulfment; rather, G -directed fin transcription appears to enhance fin expression so as to ensure efficient G activation (6). It appears to be an adjunct to the positive feedback loop of G -directed sigG transcription in ensuring fast appearance of ample G activity when it is needed.…”

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Coupling of σ ^G Activation to Completion of Engulfment during Sporulation of Bacillus subtilis Survives Large Perturbations to DNA Translocation and Replication

2012

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Genetics and Biochemistry of Sporulation in Endospore-Forming Bacteria (Bacillus): A Prime Example of Developmental Biology

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Sánchez

Feijoo

et al. 2021

Developmental Biology in Prokaryotes and Lower Eukaryotes

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A Small Protein Required for the Switch from σ ^F to σ ^G during Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

A Membrane-Embedded Amino Acid Couples the SpoIIQ Channel Protein to Anti-Sigma Factor Transcriptional Repression during Bacillus subtilis Sporulation

A Membrane-Embedded Amino Acid Couples the SpoIIQ Channel Protein to Anti-Sigma Factor Transcriptional Repression during Bacillus subtilis Sporulation

Coupling of σ ^G Activation to Completion of Engulfment during Sporulation of Bacillus subtilis Survives Large Perturbations to DNA Translocation and Replication

Genetics and Biochemistry of Sporulation in Endospore-Forming Bacteria (Bacillus): A Prime Example of Developmental Biology

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A Small Protein Required for the Switch from σ F to σ G during Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

A Membrane-Embedded Amino Acid Couples the SpoIIQ Channel Protein to Anti-Sigma Factor Transcriptional Repression during Bacillus subtilis Sporulation

A Membrane-Embedded Amino Acid Couples the SpoIIQ Channel Protein to Anti-Sigma Factor Transcriptional Repression during Bacillus subtilis Sporulation

Coupling of σ G Activation to Completion of Engulfment during Sporulation of Bacillus subtilis Survives Large Perturbations to DNA Translocation and Replication

Genetics and Biochemistry of Sporulation in Endospore-Forming Bacteria (Bacillus): A Prime Example of Developmental Biology

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Product

Resources

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A Small Protein Required for the Switch from σ ^F to σ ^G during Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

Coupling of σ ^G Activation to Completion of Engulfment during Sporulation of Bacillus subtilis Survives Large Perturbations to DNA Translocation and Replication