A simulation study of a dual-plate in-room PET system for dose verification in carbon ion therapy

Abstract

During carbon ion therapy, lots of positron emitters such as 11C, 15O, 10C are generated in irradiated tissues by nuclear reactions, and can be used to track the carbon beam in the tissue by a positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. In this study, an dual-plate in-room PET scanner has been designed and evaluated based on the GATE simulation platform to monitor patient dose in carbon ion therapy. The dual-plate PET is designed to avoid interference with the carbon beamline and with patient positioning. Its performance was compared with that of four-head and full-ring PET scanners. The dual-plate, four-head and full-ring PET scanners consisted of 30, 60, 60 detector modules, respectively, with a 36 cm distance between directly opposite detector modules for dose deposition measurements. Each detector module consisted of a 24×24 array of 2 mm×2 mm×18 mm LYSO pixels coupled to a Hamamatsu H8500 PMT. To estimate the production yield of positron emitters, a 10 cm×15 cm×15 cm cuboid PMMA phantom was irradiated with 172, 200, 250 MeV/u 12C beams. 3D images of the activity distribution measured by the three types of scanner are produced by an iterative reconstruction algorithm. By comparing the longitudinal profile of positron emitters along the carbon beam path, it is indicated that use of the dual-plate PET scanner is feasible for monitoring the dose distribution in carbon ion therapy.

Measured and GATE predicted PET-image-based activity range verification for carbon therapy: a phantom study

“…The events with time marks measured by the FPGA-based TDC (Time digital converter, TDC) are saved in list mode real time. The system provides approximately 16.0% energy resolution at 511 keV and 1.12 ns coincidence timing resolution, which is measured by a 22 Na point source experimentally. An energy window of 350-650 keV and a coincidence time window of 10 ns are applied.…”

“…Li et al demonstrated the feasibility of in-beam PET imaging for range verification in carbon therapy with a small animal PET protocol using this method [21]. Chen et al demonstrated that the dual-head plate in-room PET scanner is feasible for range verification for carbon ion therapy [22]. These works implemented in-beam or in-room PET simulations on GATE without measured PET images for comparison.…”

The implementation and effect evaluation of AIDET standard communication health education mode under the King theory of goal attainment: A randomized control study

“…In the actual usage of AIDET communication mode, it all achieves the better results reflected on patients satisfaction, [6] the improvement of patient experience, [7] the reduction of analgesic compliance, [8] promoting nurse-patient relationship, [9] alleviating patients anxiety, [10] the harmony of nurse-patient relationship, [11] increasing the quality of nursing work, [12] and fully embodying the standard maintenance operation of specialist nurses and health education [13] , etc.…”

Analysis of Crane Ship Lifting Load Swaying Character with Multi-Factors Coupling

“…In China, Zhang xiaoya calculated the wave loads (primarily in the vertical bending moments and shear) of floating crane using the Wave Loads Calculation System based on three-dimensional frequency domain linear hydrodynamic theory [5].Chen liang investigated the crane ship's movement amplitude response. For crane ship's particularity, they considered the effect of damping coefficient to its movement amplitude response [6]. Ren huili established a nonlinear three-dimensional lifting load system dynamic model based on the general form of Lagrange's equation, and studied the dynamic response of the cargo using numerical methods [7].…”