A Simplified Procedure for Deglycerolizing Red Blood Cells Frozen in a High Glycerol Concentration

Meryman, Harold T.; Hornblower, M.

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1977.17578014580.x

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Fax: +49 511 762 19389. E-mail: wolkers@imp.uni-hannover.de high cooling rate is required (Smith 1950, Mollison and Sloviter 1958, Rowe et al 1968, Meryman and Hornblower 1977. One of the main disadvantages of these procedures is the deglycerolization step, which has to be implemented prior to transfusion into patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomes composed of unsaturated lipids for membrane modification of human erythrocytes

Stoll

Holovati

Acker

et al. 2011

Molecular Membrane Biology

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Previous studies have shown that certain saturated lipids protect red blood cells (RBCs) during hypothermic storage but provide little protection during freezing or freeze-drying, whereas various unsaturated lipids destabilize RBCs during hypothermic storage but protect during freezing and freeze-drying. The protective effect of liposomes has been attributed to membrane modifications. We have previously shown that cholesterol exchange and lipid transfer between liposomes composed of saturated lipids and RBCs critically depends on the length of the lipid acyl chains. In this study the effect of unsaturated lipids with differences in their number of unsaturated bonds (18:0/18:1, 18:1/18:1, 18:2/18:2) on RBC membrane properties has been studied. RBCs were incubated in the presence of liposomes and both the liposomal and RBC fraction were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) after incubation. The liposomes caused an increase in RBC membrane conformational disorder at suprazero temperatures. The fluidizing effect of the liposomes on the RBC membranes, however, was found to be similar for the different lipids irrespective of their unsaturation level. The gel to liquid crystalline phase transition temperature of the liposomes increased after incubation with RBCs. RBC membrane fluidity increased linearly during the first 8 hours of incubation in the presence of liposomes. The increase in RBC membrane fluidity was found to be temperature dependent and displayed Arrhenius behaviour between 20 and 40°C, with an activation energy of 88 kJ mol⁻¹. Taken together, liposomes composed of unsaturated lipids increase RBC membrane conformational disorder, which could explain their cryoprotective action.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomes composed of unsaturated lipids for membrane modification of human erythrocytes

Stoll

Holovati

Acker

et al. 2011

Molecular Membrane Biology

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“…The step of removing CPAs may cause serious cell loss due to the cell volume excursion induced by osmotic disequilibria (Meryman, 2007). In the past decades, many efforts have been made to improve the process (Rowe et al, 1968;Meryman et al, 1972Meryman et al, , 1977Valeri et al, 1975Valeri et al, , 2001Castino et al,1996;Arnaud et al 2003).…”

Section: Results From Experimental Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, multi-step centrifuging methods are most commonly used, and some of them can achieve favorable results (Rowe et al, 1968;Meryman et al, 1972Meryman et al, , 1977Valeri et al, 1975Valeri et al, , 2001. However, the procedures are very difficult and time consuming for manual operation due to the large cell suspension volume or high CPA concentration.…”

Section: Results From Experimental Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Lethal Osmotic Injury to Cells During Addition and Removal of Cryoprotective Agents: Theory and Technology

Gao¹,

Zhou²

2012

Current Frontiers in Cryobiology

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“…The original high glycerol / slow freeze process developed by Tullis and colleagues [4] has been greatly simplified whereby the red cells are now more easily glycerolized without use of a centrifugal bowl and can be frozen in the primary collection bag to optimize donor identification, particularly for autologous blood [5]. In addition, the deglycerolization process was greatly simplified by Meryman and Hornblower [3] who found that the red cells could be diluted with one or more salt solutions of different concentration and washed by either continuous-flow centrifugation or by automated batch centrifugation. This method with its many minor variations today is the one that is used most routinely in the United States as well as in the rest of the world for cryopreservation of blood for transfusion.…”

Section: High Glycerol / Slow Freeze Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of Red Cells by Freezing and Vitrification – Some Recollections and Predictions

Rowe¹

2002

Transfus Med Hemother

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A science that originated over 50 years ago, cryobiology, has matured to become an indispensable adjunct to blood transfusion medicine. Before we can look to the future of cryobiology and blood preservation, it is essential to understand what has gone before, what is the current state of the art, and finally where do we go from here. This paper attempts to meet this challenge. Red cells can be cryopreserved successfully using one of two approaches: colligative or kinetic. The colligative approach utilizes glycerol in high concentration and slow cooling at uncontrolled rates. Kinetic approaches utilize either glycerol at low concentration and rapid controlled cooling rates, or extracellular additives such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), hydroxyethyl starch (HES), polyethylene oxide (PEO), etc. and high rates of cooling usually in liquid nitrogen at –196 °C. Current data with all methods of red cell cryopreservation indicate excellent red cell recovery (>90%) and clinically acceptable in vivo survival times. Of particular interest is the innovative HES cryopreservation technique and results whereby the additive HES does not have to be removed prior to transfusion of the thawed red cells. Clinical results are most promising and more clinical trials are warranted. The future for cryopreservation of red cells in glycerol as well as in HES looks bright based on extensive clinical data. New developments in automation and sterile closed systems can now extend postthaw storage. Recent data show that thawed deglycerolized blood, processed in an apparatus with sterile connectors, can be stored safely at 4 °C for 15 days or more with acceptable 24- hour survival (⁵¹Cr) values. Current regulations need to be reviewed and revised to remove the 24-hour outdating restriction on thawed blood to allow it to reach its full potential. Experimental data also support extending the storage life of blood in the frozen state from its current limit of 10 years to at least 25 years or longer.

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A Simplified Procedure for Deglycerolizing Red Blood Cells Frozen in a High Glycerol Concentration

Cited by 35 publications

References 4 publications

Liposomes composed of unsaturated lipids for membrane modification of human erythrocytes

Liposomes composed of unsaturated lipids for membrane modification of human erythrocytes

Prevention of Lethal Osmotic Injury to Cells During Addition and Removal of Cryoprotective Agents: Theory and Technology

Cryopreservation of Red Cells by Freezing and Vitrification – Some Recollections and Predictions

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