A Simplified Practical Method for Evaluating Liquefaction-Induced Flow

Yasuda, Susumu; Yoshida, Nozomu; Adachi, Kenji; Kiku, Hiroyoshi; Gose, S; Masuda, Tamio

doi:10.2208/jscej.1999.638_71

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We tried to simulate small discretization size in 8 times' wider boundary but failed due to the limitation of computer. However, it could be inferred that as the boundary size increases and particle size decreases, drag force should be consistent to the theoretical results computed by equation (3) to (5).…”

Section: (2) Verification Of Sph Simulationsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Hamada and Wakamatsu 4) conducted researches on lateral displacement of inclined liquefied ground model, and use pseudo-plastic flow to describe its property: the viscosity decrease as the shear strain rate increase. They also found that liquefied sand will return to solid again while a certain shear strain is reached, which is confirmed by Yasuda et al 5) as the recovery of rigidity. Shimizu 6) conducted a series of shaking table model experiments to visualize the dynamic behavior of liquefied sand around a rigid pile model, and validated that equivalent viscosity of liquefied sand is about 1000 to 10000 times of water.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

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Experiments of Cylinder Drag through Density-Matching Particle-Fluid Mixture and SPH Simulation

Otake

Guo

Matsushima

2016

J. JSCE

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A series of cylinder drag experiments were conducted using the density-matching Poly-Styrene Beads particle-fluids mixture to study the flow characteristics of liquefied sands. PIV technique was used to visualize the velocity fields around the moving cylinder. SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) simulations were also conducted to compare with the experimental results. Experiments results show that the solid fraction of 0.555 is quite important in this particle fluid mixture because the drag force exerted on the cylinder increases sharply with the solid fraction if it is greater than this value. This value coincides with the random loose packing density of mono-disperse spheres. PIV analysis shows that the velocity fields are quite localized around the cylinder, and the localized zone is expanded more in the moving direction than in the perpendicular direction. On the other hand, it turned out that the SPH simulations with a simple viscous fluid model cannot reproduce the similar velocity field, which indicates this particle-fluid mixture cannot be regarded as viscous fluid.

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Section: (2) Verification Of Sph Simulationsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Experiments of Cylinder Drag through Density-Matching Particle-Fluid Mixture and SPH Simulation

Otake

Guo

Matsushima

2016

J. JSCE

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“…Yasuda et al (1999) performed monotonic loading after cyclic loading to evaluate the shear behaviors that occur during the post-liquefaction phase and confirmed the recovery of effective stress. Other studies found that the residual shear strain is composed of a shear strain component depending on change in effective stress, and a shear strain component independent of effective stress (Shamoto et al, 1997;Wang and Wang, 2012).…”

Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 77%

Effects of relative density and accumulated shear strain on post-liquefaction residual deformation

Kim

Kazama

Kwon

2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The damage caused by liquefaction, which occurs following an earthquake, is usually because of settlement and lateral spreading. Generally, the evaluation of liquefaction has been centered on settlement, that is, residual volumetric strain. However, in actual soil, residual shear and residual volumetric deformations occur simultaneously after an earthquake. Therefore, the simultaneous evaluation of the two phenomena and the clarification of their relationship are likely to evaluate post-liquefaction soil behaviors more accurately. Hence, a quantitative evaluation of postliquefaction damage will also be possible. In this study, the effects of relative density and accumulated shear strain on post-liquefaction residual deformations were reviewed through a series of lateral constrained-control hollow cylindrical torsion tests under undrained conditions. In order to identify the relationship between residual shear and residual volumetric strains, this study proposed a new test method that integrates monotonic loading after cyclic loading, and K 0 -drain after cyclic loading -in other words, the combination of cyclic loading, monotonic loading, and the K 0 drain. In addition, a control that maintained the lateral constrained condition across all the processes of consolidation, cyclic loading, monotonic loading, and drainage was used to reproduce the anisotropy of in situ ground. This lateral constrain control was performed by controlling the axial strain, based on the assumption that under undrained conditions, axial and lateral strains occur simultaneously, and unless axial strain occurs, lateral strain does not occur. The test results confirmed that the recovery of effective stresses, which occur during monotonic loading and drainage after cyclic loading, respectively, result from mutually different structural restoration characteristics. In addition, in the ranges of 40-60 % relative density and 50-100 % accumulated shear strain, relative density was found to have greater effects than the number of cycles (accumulated shear strain).

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“…In addition, they confirmed through centrifuge model experiments that surface ground improvement is an effective countermeasure against liquefaction. Furthermore, they utilized GEOASIA, ALID 27) , etc., for numerical analysis in order to investigate the thickness of the solidified surface ground layer that would satisfy the performance requirement criteria for houses to counter liquefaction damage.…”

Section: Ground Improvement Ground Reinforcement Methodolo-gies Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

NEW DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO CLARIFICATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF GROUND DEFORMATION CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKES —IN THE WAKE OF THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE—

2017

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The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake caused massive ground damage, including liquefaction of sandy grounds, collapse of river levees and lands developed for housing, etc., particularly in regions across eastern Japan. Not only damage to "currently unqualified" structures that did not conform to existing design standards and codes but also ground damage that could not be explained within the framework of conventional geomechanics and geotechnical engineering was observed. Particularly in the latter case, therefore, it has become necessary to develop new techniques in geomechanics without being restrained by the conventional framework. From the above standpoint, this paper reviews the research that has been carried out in the field of geotechnology after the Great East Japan Earthquake. More specifically, new knowledge relating to the mechanism of liquefaction damage at Urayasu City and other ground deformation caused by the earthquake is introduced, together with the results of research carried out on ground strengthening techniques.

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A Simplified Practical Method for Evaluating Liquefaction-Induced Flow

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

Experiments of Cylinder Drag through Density-Matching Particle-Fluid Mixture and SPH Simulation

Experiments of Cylinder Drag through Density-Matching Particle-Fluid Mixture and SPH Simulation

Effects of relative density and accumulated shear strain on post-liquefaction residual deformation

NEW DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO CLARIFICATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF GROUND DEFORMATION CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKES —IN THE WAKE OF THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE—

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A Simplified Practical Method for Evaluating Liquefaction-Induced Flow

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

Experiments of Cylinder Drag through Density-Matching Particle-Fluid Mixture and SPH Simulation

Experiments of Cylinder Drag through Density-Matching Particle-Fluid Mixture and SPH Simulation

Effects of relative density and accumulated shear strain on post-liquefaction residual deformation

NEW DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO CLARIFICATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF GROUND DEFORMATION CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKES &mdash;IN THE WAKE OF THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE&mdash;

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NEW DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO CLARIFICATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF GROUND DEFORMATION CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKES —IN THE WAKE OF THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE—