A Simplified Method to Predict the Heat Release Rate of Industrial Nitrocellulose Materials

Liu, Jiahao; Chen, Mingyi

doi:10.3390/app8060910

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…The higher the value of T b , the transition can take place easier. (18) to Equation (20), as listed in Table 3.…”

Section: Thermal Safety Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Decomposition Behavior and Thermal Safety of Nitrocellulose with Different Shape CuO and Al/CuO Nanothermites

Yao¹,

Zhao

Zhao³

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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Bamboo leaf-like CuO(b) and flaky-shaped CuO(f) were prepared by the hydrothermal method, and then combined with Al nanoparticles to form Al/CuO(b) and Al/CuO(f) by the ultrasonic dispersion method. The phase, composition, morphology, and structure of the composites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy scattering spectrometer (EDS). The compatibility of CuO, Al/CuO and nitrocellulose (NC) was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effects of CuO and Al/CuO on the thermal decomposition of NC were also studied. The results show that the thermal decomposition reactions of CuO-NC composite, Al/CuO-NC composite, and NC follow the same kinetic mechanism of Avrami-Erofeev equation. In the cases of CuO and Al/CuO, they could promote the O-NO2 bond cleavage and secondary autocatalytic reaction in condensed phase. The effects of these catalysts have some difference in modifying the thermolysis process of NC due to the microstructures of CuO and the addition of Al nanopowders. Furthermore, the presence of Al/CuO(f) can make the Al/CuO(f)-NC composite easier to ignite, whereas the composites have strong resistance to high temperature. Compatibility and thermal safety analysis showed that the Al/CuO had good compatibility with NC and it could be used safely. This contribution suggests that CuO and Al/CuO played key roles in accelerating the thermal decomposition of NC.

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“…The higher the value of T b , the transition can take place easier. (18) to Equation (20), as listed in Table 3.…”

Section: Thermal Safety Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a main energetic component, nitrocellulose (NC) with a nitrogen amount higher than 12% is widely used for gun and rocket propellants [16][17][18][19]. However, the applications of NC are extremely limited, due to the low burning temperature, the high impact sensitivity, the high friability, and the low density [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Decomposition Behavior and Thermal Safety of Nitrocellulose with Different Shape CuO and Al/CuO Nanothermites

Yao¹,

Zhao

Zhao³

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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“…NC has widespread adoption in both military and civilian fields. In addition to NC with low nitrogen content (< 12.6%) mentioned above for ordinary civilian production, NC with high nitrogen content (≥ 12.6%) is used to manufacture military weapons, gunpowder, solid rocket propellants, and explosives 1 – 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal hazard evaluation on spontaneous combustion characteristics of nitrocellulose solution under different atmospheric conditions

Zhi-ping

Jiang

Huang

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Nitrocellulose (NC) is widely used in both military and civilian fields. Because of its high chemical sensitivity and low decomposition temperature, NC is prone to spontaneous combustion. Due to the dangerous properties of NC, it is often dissolved in other organic solvents, then stored and transported in the form of a solution. Therefore, this paper took NC solutions (NC-S) with different concentrations as research objects. Under different atmospheric conditions, a series of thermal analysis experiments and different reaction kinetic methods investigated the influence of solution concentration and oxygen concentration on NC-S’s thermal stability. The variation rules of NC-S’s thermodynamic parameters with solution and oxygen concentrations were explored. On this basis, the spontaneous combustion characteristics of NC-S under actual industrial conditions were summarized to put forward the theoretical guidance for the spontaneous combustion treatment together with the safety in production, transportation, and storage.

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“…The temperature curves obtained as a result of full-scale fire tests can be used to estimate the heat release rate (HRR curves) using the known inverse method, e.g., the one given in [24]. In addition, they can be useful when validating either a computer zone or field fire model.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Apartment Tightness on Temperature Variability during a Fire

Gałaj

Saleta

2020

IJERPH

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Along with the thermal modernization process of old residential buildings, there has been a significant increase in the air tightness of apartments, which may contribute to the deterioration of the safety of users and rescue teams in a fire. The main goal of this study was to investigate the impact of the air tightness of an apartment on fire growth and temperature variability. In the work, an experimental method was applied. Two full-scale fire tests were carried out, one in a sealed apartment and the other in unsealed one. The temperature was measured by thirty-two thermocouples. Two thermal imaging and video cameras were also used to evaluate a temperature field as well as flame and smoke height. Based on the analysis, conclusions have been formulated. It is noteworthy that the highest temperatures and significant increase in pressure were obtained in a sealed apartment, but dangerous and critical conditions regarding firefighters’ safety were achieved faster and persisted much longer in an unsealed one.

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A Simplified Method to Predict the Heat Release Rate of Industrial Nitrocellulose Materials

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Thermal Decomposition Behavior and Thermal Safety of Nitrocellulose with Different Shape CuO and Al/CuO Nanothermites

Thermal Decomposition Behavior and Thermal Safety of Nitrocellulose with Different Shape CuO and Al/CuO Nanothermites

Thermal hazard evaluation on spontaneous combustion characteristics of nitrocellulose solution under different atmospheric conditions

Impact of Apartment Tightness on Temperature Variability during a Fire

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