A simplified benchmark of ultrafine particle dispersion in idealized urban street canyons: A wind tunnel study

Stabile, Luca; Arpino, Fausto; Buonanno, Giorgio; Russi, Aldo Giovanni Giuliano; Frattolillo, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.05.045

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…These studies were usually intended to validate the performance of CFD techniques in modelling pollutant dispersion around obstacles. Further studies include dispersion over a group of buildings representing urban areas (Bijad et al, 2016;Kumar et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2016;Nazridoust and Ahmadi, 2006;Stabile et al, 2015;Wingstedt et al, 2017). In such terrains, pollutants can be trapped in the street 'canyons' formed by the buildings, and also in the 'wakes' of the buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of terrain effects on the consequence distance of CO 2 released from high-pressure pipelines

Liu

Godbole

Lü

et al. 2017

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of terrain effects on the consequence distance of CO 2 released from high-pressure pipelines

Liu

Godbole

Lü

et al. 2017

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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“…Due to the large proportion of CO emissions as part of the vehicle exhaust, which does not easily react with other components in the air, we chose CO as pollution source to calculate and analyze its dispersion characteristics. The calculation formula of the pollution source intensity can be described with Equation (10). Single vehicle exhaust emissions have a strong relationship with their speed.…”

Section: Measurement Of the Traffic Pollution Source In The Streetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has been defined as a relatively narrow street space formed by successive buildings on both sides of a city street [5]. Relevant studies mainly relied on field measurements [6,7], wind tunnel experiments [8][9][10], and numerical simulations [11][12][13]. Based on previous studies, important factors that influence the flow patterns and the dispersion mechanism of pollutant can be grouped into the following categories: Inflow conditions (such as wind speed, wind direction [14][15][16], turbulence intensity [17]); Geometric conditions of building structures (such as building aspect ratio [18,19] and the street canyon aspect ratio [20,21]); Ground surface and building surface conditions (such as building surface roughness and hot or cold conditions [22][23][24][25]); The impact of turbulences caused by vehicle movement [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Traffic Tidal Flow on Pollutant Dispersion in a Non-Uniform Urban Street Canyon

et al. 2018

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A three-dimensional geometrical model was established based on a section of street canyons in the 2nd Ring Road of Wuhan, China, and a mathematical model describing the fluid flow and pollutant dispersion characteristics in the street canyon was developed. The effect of traffic tidal flow was investigated based on the measurement results of the passing vehicles as the pollution source of the CFD method and on the spatial distribution of pollutants under various ambient crosswinds. Numerical investigation results indicated that: (i) in this three-dimensional asymmetrical shallow street canyon, if the pollution source followed a non-uniform distribution due to the traffic tidal flow and the wind flow was perpendicular to the street, a leeward side source intensity stronger than the windward side intensity would cause an expansion of the pollution space even if the total source in the street is equal. When the ambient wind speed is 3 m/s, the pollutant source intensity near the leeward side that is stronger than that near the windward side (R = 2, R = 3, and R = 5) leads to an increased average concentration of CO at pedestrian breathing height by 26%, 37%, and 41%, respectively. (R is the ratio parameter of the left side pollution source and the right side pollution source); (ii) However, this feature will become less significant with increasing wind speeds and changes of wind direction; (iii) the pollution source intensity exerted a decisive influence on the pollutant level in the street canyon. With the decrease of the pollution source intensity, the pollutant concentration decreased proportionally.

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“…Some common tools and methods are: wind-tunnel experiments, numerical simulations, field measurements, etc. [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Simulation of PM10 Dispersion Caused by Rail Transit Construction Activity: A Real Urban Street Canyon Model

Wang

Zhou

Zuo

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Particle emissions derived from construction activities have a significant impact on the local air quality, while the canyon effect with reduced natural ventilation contributes to the highest particulate pollution in urban environments. This study attempted to examine the effect of PM10 emissions derived from the construction of a rail transit system in an urban street canyon. Using a 3D computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model based on a real street canyon with different height ratios, this study formulates the impact of height ratio and wind directions on the dispersion and concentration of PM10. The results indicate that parallel flow would cause the concentration of PM10 at the end of the street canyons in all height ratios, and the trends in horizontal, vertical and lateral planes in all street canyons are similar. While in the condition of perpendicular flow, double-eddy circulations occur and lead to the concentration of PM10 in the middle part of the street canyon and leeward of backwind buildings in all height ratios. Furthermore, perpendicular flow will cause the concentration of PM10 to increase if the upwind buildings are higher than the backwind ones. This study also shows that the dispersion of PM10 is strongly associated with wind direction in and the height ratios of the street canyons. Certain measures could, therefore, be taken to prevent the impact on people in terms of the PM10 concentration and the heights of street canyons identified in this research. Potential mitigation strategies are suggested, include measurements below 4 m according to governmental regulations, dust shields, and atomized water.

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A simplified benchmark of ultrafine particle dispersion in idealized urban street canyons: A wind tunnel study

Cited by 28 publications

References 65 publications

Investigation of terrain effects on the consequence distance of CO 2 released from high-pressure pipelines

Investigation of terrain effects on the consequence distance of CO 2 released from high-pressure pipelines

Impacts of Traffic Tidal Flow on Pollutant Dispersion in a Non-Uniform Urban Street Canyon

A Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Simulation of PM10 Dispersion Caused by Rail Transit Construction Activity: A Real Urban Street Canyon Model

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