A simple plasma reduction for synthesis of Au and Pd nanoparticles at room temperature

Rapid synthesis of metal nanoparticles using low-temperature, low-pressure argon plasma chemistry and self-assembly

“…Different types of plasmas and plasma devices have been reported to reduce of metal cations to metal NPs. 6,22,23 However, these different systems operate under all different temperatures and pressures in comparison to our system. Early reduction of cations using plasma technology began with hydrogen plasma, as it was believed that only hydrogen plasma could produce the species required for reduction.…”

“…16–24 As a result, these different approaches lack a homogeneous product, and often result in different chemical and physical properties. 1–7…”

“…[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] As a result, these different approaches lack a homogeneous product, and often result in different chemical and physical properties. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The most common approach for the synthesis of NPs is through wet chemistry, in which butylamine, hydrazine, sodium hypophosphite, and other chemicals such as sodium tetrahydridoborate act as the reducing agent. However, this approach has serious negative implications on the environment.…”

“…Early reduction of cations using plasma technology began with hydrogen plasma, as it was believed that only hydrogen plasma could produce the species required for reduction. 6 With time, this approach evolved into the application of mixing different types of plasmas for the reduction of noble cations. 24 Eventually, it became apparent that the plasma reduction process does not require only highly reactive hydrogen species to reduce cations.…”

“…It is believed that their high surface area, optical, electronic, and magnetic, properties, antimicrobial activity and unique physicochemical characteristics, including catalytic activity, make NPs very interesting candidates across a very broad range of applications. [6][7][8][9][10] In addition, the highly energetic electrons in plasmas are also used to induce the conversion of CH 4 and CO 2 into useful compounds such as urea and alcohols. 11,12 With that being said, NPs have been studied extensively and are widely accepted to exhibit different properties for many…”