A Simple Method of Collecting Saliva to Determine the Sodium Status of Cattle and Sheep

Murphy, G. M.; Connell, J. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1970.tb06665.x

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The salivary Na and K contents (Table 3) in this experiment were within these ranges. In addition, the Na:K ratio in all treatments was greater than the ratio of 20:1 recommended by Murphy and Connell (1970) as the minimum required for Na adequacy. The decrease of this ratio with decreasing dietary Na content illustrates the reciprocal relationship between salivary Na and K which has been observed TaMe 6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sodium fertilizer application to pasture. 4. Effects on mineral uptake and the sodium and potassium status of steers

Chiy

Phillips

1993

Grass and Forage Science

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Mineral availability and status in body tissues was examined with four rumen-fislulated steers arranged in a Latin-square change-over design. The steers were fed perennial ryegrass herbage from a pasture fertilized with four Na treatments: 0 (Nil). 32 (Low), 66 (Medium) or 96 (High) kg Naha"' yr"'.Na fertilizer increased herbage contents and intakes of Na, Mg and Ca but did not affect intakes of K, P and S, Herbage K:Na and K:(Ca+Mg) decreased in direct proportion to the amount of Na fertilizer applied. With increasing dietary Na intake, the Na content of saliva increased and the K content decreased. There was an increase in Na and a reciprocal decrease in K contents of rumen fluid with increasing dietary Na. Blood plasma Na contents were greater when the Na-treated herbages were fed than in the Nil treatment. There was no effect of treatment on blood plasma K content. Increasing dietary Na increased urinary Na but did not affect urinary K. Faecal mineral concentrations of Na, Ca, P and S were increased by increasing dietary Na, whereas K content was reduced and the Mg content was unaffected. There was no difference between treatments in the proportion of mineral rapidly solubilized, except Na which increased with increasing dietary Na content. The fractional rate of degradation was greater for Na, K, and Mg than for Ca and P. Based on effective solubilization, minerals were ranked in the order K > (Mg = Na) > Ca > P, and treatments were in the order Medium > (High = Low) > Nil. Increasing

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sodium fertilizer application to pasture. 4. Effects on mineral uptake and the sodium and potassium status of steers

Chiy

Phillips

1993

Grass and Forage Science

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“…Heifers were weighed full at weekly intervals. At weeks 1, 14, 27, 40 and 56 jugular blood and saliva samples were taken, the latter by the method of Murphy & Connell (1970). Observations on oestrus were determined using a teaser bull during the 36th-44th weeks of the experiment.…”

Section: Feeding and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of induced, subclinical phosphorus deficiency on feed intake and growth of beef heifers

1982

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Hereford heifers were fed a diet (7-0 MJ ME/kg D.M.) containing 0-09 % phosphorus but complete with regard to other nutrient constituents. Only after 19 weeks wore the effects of subclinical aphosphorosis evident in the form of reduction in feed intake, cessation of weight gain, increased feed conversion and decreases in tho concentration of inorganic phosphorus in blood and saliva. Heifers supplemented daily with 12 g phosphorus sustained a weight gain of about 0-2 kg/day over 62 weeks as did other supplemented heifers whose feed intake was restricted to that of tho low phosphorus treatment. The effects of phosphorus supplementation were thus demonstrated without being confounded by concomitant increases in feed intake.Phosphorus supplementation resulted in significantly lowered apparent crude protein digestibility and a slight increaso in cell wall digestibility.

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“…Techniques have been described for the collection of mixed saliva from cattle and sheep (for example Murphy and Connell 1970), but these also involve considerable restraint af the animal. A simpler method of collecting saliva has now been devised and this paper reports on the usefulness of salivary cortisol as an indicator of changes in plasma "free" cortisol in sheep, especially for studies of stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a salivary cortisol method for detecting changes in plasma “free” cortisol arising from acute stress in sheep

Fell¹,

Shutt²,

Bentley³

1985

Aust Veterinary J

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A simple device for collecting saliva (mainly parotid) from sheep is described. The collection of saliva, and the assay of "free" cortisol in saliva appears to offer certain advantages over the collection of blood, and the assay of serum cortisol, for the assessment of stress in sheep. With a little experience, it is easier to collect saliva than take blood samples when sheep are passing through a race. The "free" cortisol can be measured directly in saliva, whereas in serum, it is first necessary to separate "free" from protein-bound cortisol. Basal levels of "free" cortisol of less than 10 nmol/l were recorded in saliva and blood plasma or serum in unstressed sheep which had previous experience of being handled in a race, Significant increases in salivary cortisol and "free" and total ("free" plus protein-bound) cortisol in serum were found in sheep following adrenal stimulation with synacthen, or after 30 min of stressful transport. This indicates that the salivary cortisol technique is applicable to studies of stress in sheep, and should also be useful for other ruminants.

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A Simple Method of Collecting Saliva to Determine the Sodium Status of Cattle and Sheep

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Sodium fertilizer application to pasture. 4. Effects on mineral uptake and the sodium and potassium status of steers

Sodium fertilizer application to pasture. 4. Effects on mineral uptake and the sodium and potassium status of steers

Effects of induced, subclinical phosphorus deficiency on feed intake and growth of beef heifers

Development of a salivary cortisol method for detecting changes in plasma “free” cortisol arising from acute stress in sheep

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