A simple, low-cost approach to prepare flexible highly conductive polymer composites by in situ reduction of silver carboxylate for flexible electronic applications

Zhang, Rongwei; Moon, Kyoung‐Sik; Lin, Wei; Agar, Josh C.; Wong, Ching‐Ping

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.01.001

Cited by 58 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Silver flakes used here were pretreated by an iodination step as previously reported;33 the AgI nanoclusters at the silver flake surface were successfully transformed into Ag nanoparticles by the added NaBH 4 in a way similar to that of silver oxide 51. The addition of NaBH 4 caused color change of the silver flakes, which renders them turning from the lustrous grey color to pale brown 52. According to the work by Yang et al, the iodination pre‐treatment of silver results in the formation of the nonstoichiometric Ag/AgI nanostructures at the surface of the silver flakes 33, 53.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Water‐Based Isotropically Conductive Adhesives: Towards Green and Low‐Cost Flexible Electronics

Yang

Lin

et al. 2011

Adv Funct Materials

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This paper reports the first high‐performance water‐based isotropically conductive adhesives (WBICAs) – a promising material for both electrical interconnects and printed circuits for ultralow‐cost flexible/foldable printed electronics. Through combining surface iodination and in situ reduction treatment, the electrically conductivity of the WBICAs are dramatically improved (8 × 10‐5 Ω cm with 80 wt% of silver); moreover, their reliability (stable for at least 1440 h during 85 °C/85% RH aging) meets the essential requirements for microelectronic applications. Prototyped applications in carrying light emitting diode (LED) arrays and radio frequency identification (RFID) antennas on flexible substrates were demonstrated, which showed satisfactory performances. Moreover, their water‐based character may render them more environmentally benign (no volatile organic chemicals involved in the printing and machine maintenance processes), more convenient in processing (reducing the processing steps), and energy economic (thermally sintering the silver fillers and curing the resin is not necessary unlike conventional ICAs). Therefore, they are especially advantageous for mass‐fabricating flexible electronic devices when coupled with paper and other low‐cost substrate materials such as PET, PI, wood, rubber, and textiles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Water‐Based Isotropically Conductive Adhesives: Towards Green and Low‐Cost Flexible Electronics

Yang

Lin

et al. 2011

Adv Funct Materials

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“…However, these lubricants are insulating by nature, posing a significant energy barrier to electron conduction between neighboring silver flakes. Therefore, reducing agents were added to ECAs to chemically reduce the lubricant to nano/submicron-sized silver particles and these in situ formed nano/submicron-sized particles may then facilitate the sintering of the silver flakes during curing [21]. As a result, the high molecular weight of long-chain H-PDMS not only provides a high elasticity due to the low cross-linking density of the formed silicone matrix , but also enhance the electrical conductivity via the generation and sintering of silver nanoparticles [22].…”

Section: The Stretchable High Conductive Ecasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel strain sensor based on 3D printing technology and 3D antenna design

Le¹,

Song

Liu³

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE 65th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC)

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The additive manufacturing technique of 3D printing has become increasingly popular for time-consuming and complex designs. Due to the special mechanical properties of commercial NinjaFlex filament [1] and in-house-made electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) [2], there is great potential for the 3D printed RF applications, such as strain sensors and flexible, wearable RF devices. This paper presents the flexible 3D printed strain sensor, as a 3D dipole antenna of ECA stretchable conductor on 3D printed Ninjaflex filament .

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“…In our previous studies on ECAs, we have already demonstrated their excellent electrical conductivity (as high as 1.0×10 7 S/m), good adhesion to various substrates, and facile preparation, all of which enable them to be excellent candidates for interconnects in flexible/stretchable electronics [15,16]. However, ECAs inevitably experience an increase in resistance during stretching due to the increased inter-particle distance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Shape engineering of the fillers in stretchable, electrically conductive adhesives: Its effect on percolation and conductivity change during stretching

Hansen

Moon

et al. 2013

2013 IEEE 63rd Electronic Components and Technology Conference

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The effects of different shapes of silver; particles, flakes and dendrites on the electrical property of polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS)-based electrically conductive adhesives (ECA) under mechanical deformation are investigated. It is found that the high aspect ratio of silver dendrites helps to construct more conduction pathways in the ECAs compared with silver particles and flakes, therefore reducing the percolation threshold. Stretching made the bulk resistivity of spherical silver filled ECA increase exponentially, which is in good agreement with the classical piezoresistive models. On contrast, the resistivity of silver flakes filled ECAs did not change within 100% strain and up to 500 cycles of stretching/releasing tests. For silver dendrites, the resistivity decreased when stretching and increased slightly afterwards, resulting in an almost invariant value within 60% elongation. However, removing the external strain did not havethe resistance value recover back to the original level. IntroductionModern consumer electronics are striving for increased functionality and reduced form factor. Stretchable radiofrequency (RF) electronics are gaining popularity as a result of their increased functionality, impossible within the confines of rigid, planar substrates. However, the field of stretchable RF electronics is still in its infancy. Similarly to other emerging electronic technologies, new materials and new processing methods are the two driving forces for the development of stretchable RF electronics.There are currently two general approaches to the fabrication of stretchable RF electronics. The first one utilizes conventional rigid materials (such as silicon), but elegantly designed wavy or arc-shaped structures are capable of accommodating applied strains of 100% or more [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. The second approach is to maintain the conventional layout, but embed stretchable or flowable conductive materials into a sheath, including conductive polymers [8,9], conductive polymer composites [10-12] and liquid metal alloys [13,14] as stretchable conduction lines.For RF electronics, the second approach is usually preferred because of the simplicity in circuit design and fabrication. However, this approach imposes stringent requirements for the conductive materials. These requirements include the following: 1) The material must have a very high electrical conductivity to achieve high-efficiency RF devices. 0[9]; 2) The material needs to be highly elastic for tunable resonant frequency [14] and still maintain a similar electrical conductivity. By stretching the antenna, the length is increased, leading to a decrease in resonant frequency. To gain a wide window of tunable resonant frequency, both the

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A simple, low-cost approach to prepare flexible highly conductive polymer composites by in situ reduction of silver carboxylate for flexible electronic applications

Cited by 58 publications

References 32 publications

Water‐Based Isotropically Conductive Adhesives: Towards Green and Low‐Cost Flexible Electronics

Water‐Based Isotropically Conductive Adhesives: Towards Green and Low‐Cost Flexible Electronics

A novel strain sensor based on 3D printing technology and 3D antenna design

Shape engineering of the fillers in stretchable, electrically conductive adhesives: Its effect on percolation and conductivity change during stretching

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