A simple load sensor based on a bent single-mode-multimode-single-mode fiber structure

Abstract

Highlights  A load sensor uses a single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) fiber structure.  The SMS structure is sandwiched between two CR-39 plastic polymer plates.  A larger effective transverse strain can be achieved when the distance between the stage and the edge of the multimode fiber is larger.  The SMS device is suitable for sensing a small load or transverse strain with a reasonably high sensitivity.

Q-switched dual-wavelength fiber laser using a graphene oxide saturable absorber and singlemode–multimode–singlemode fiber structure

“…Of late, single-multi-single mode (SMS) fibers have become a key technology in the development of optical devices. Based on the underlying principle of multimode interference in a conventional multimode fiber (MMF), SMS fibers have seen increasing application as sensors [13][14][15][16], bandpass filters [17], and refractometers [14]. The SMS fiber is fabricated by simply splicing a step-index MMF between two standard single-mode fibers (SMFs), thus creating a sensor that is intrinsically immune to electromagnetic interference, due to the low sensitivity of silica to magneto-optical effects [18].…”

TunableQ-switched erbium-doped fiber laser based on curved multimode fiber and graphene oxide saturable absorber

“…In this regard, singlemode-multimode-singlemode fiber structures (SMS) have emerged as a highly promising potential candidate that is cost-effective, easy to fabricate, useful and repeatable [12][13][14]. SMS systems are simple to fabricate, requiring only the splicing of two singlemode fibers (SMFs) to a multimode fiber (MMF) and are very low-cost in nature, as well as having greater sensitivity to strain as compared to fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) [15,16]. Modulation of optical loss is obtained as light is recoupled from the MMF back into the SMFs, where the coupling coefficient is wavelength dependant [17].…”