A simple gas production method using a pressure transducer to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds

Theodorou, Michael K.; Williams, Barbara A.; Dhanoa, M. S.; McAllan, A. B.

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(94)90171-6

Cited by 1,332 publications

(947 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This technique has the advantage of simplicity; it is also inexpensive and requires only small quantities of feed. Briefly, ground substrates or combinations are fermented in a mixture of a buffered mineral solution and filtered rumen fluid under conditions simulating the ruminal environment in terms of temperature, anaerobiosis and agitation (Menke et al, 1979;Theodorou et al, 1994). In studies on associative effects between feeds, where the number of fermentation units to use for testing different combinations may be large, automated systems allowing continuous measurement of gas production (Cone et al, 1996;Davies et al, 2000) could be useful.…”

Section: Methodology For the Study Of Associative Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associative effects between forages on feed intake and digestion in ruminants

Niderkorn

Baumont

2009

Animal

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The feeding value of forage mixtures from permanent and temporary multi-species grasslands cannot always be precisely defined. Indeed, the digestibility and feed intake of a combination of forages can differ from the balanced median values calculated from forages considered separately. In order to present an overview of the associative effects between forages on digestion and intake, a literature study was carried out. The associative effects can be studied in a complementary way in vitro to test digestive interactions of a large number of mixtures and to carry out explanatory experiments, and in vivo to investigate intake and digestion at the whole animal scale. We identified three main situations in which interactions between forages can lead to associative effects on intake and digestion: (i) increased intake that can be observed with grass and legume association can be explained by fast digestion of the soluble fraction of legumes, and a higher rate of particle breakdown and passage through the rumen, (ii) increased digestion when a poor forage is supplemented by a high nitrogen content plant can be explained by stimulation of the microbial activity and (iii) modification of digestive processes in the rumen, including proteolysis and methane production when certain bioactive secondary metabolites such as tannins, saponins or polyphenol oxidase are present. According to the type and concentration of these compounds in the diet, the effects can be favourable or unfavourable on intake and digestive parameters. Reported associative effects between forages show a large variability among studies. This reflects the complexity and multiplicity of nutritional situations affecting intake and the rumen function in a given animal. In order to provide more reliable information, further accumulation of data combining in vitro and in vivo studies is required. A better understanding of the associative effects between forages could help to optimise feed use efficiency, resulting in greater productivity, a reduction of the environmental impact of animal emissions and more sustainable animal production.

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Section: Methodology For the Study Of Associative Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associative effects between forages on feed intake and digestion in ruminants

Niderkorn

Baumont

2009

Animal

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“…Feeds were analyzed for chemical composition (AOAC 2000;Van Soest et al 1991) monthly. The fermentation characteristics of both silages were evaluated by the in vitro gas production technique (Theodorou et al 1994), and their nutritional values were calculated as follows (Menke and Steingass 1988): NEl (MJ/kg DM) = 0.54+0.0959 GP + 0.0038 CP + 0.0001733 CP 2 where GP is the gas production after 24 h of incubation (mL/200 mg DM) and CP is the protein content of the silage (g/kg DM). Individual milk yield was recorded daily, and samples of milk were analyzed monthly for fat, protein, and lactose using an infrared method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of replacing corn silage with barley silage in the diets of buffalo cows on milk yield and quality

et al. 2010

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A 150-day trial was carried out on 40 Italian Mediterranean buffalo cows that, immediately after calving, were equally divided into two homogeneous groups (M and O) based on the number of calving events and previous milk yield. The animals were fed (16 kg dry matter (DM)/head) two isoenergy/isoprotein diets (NEl: 6.39 MJ/kg DM; 15.4 CP% DM), composed of corn (diet M) or barley silage (diet O) concentrate, alfalfa hay, and a vitamin-mineral supplement. The fermentation characteristics of both silage diets were evaluated by an in vitro gas production technique, and their nutritional values were calculated as follows: NEl (MJ/kg DM) = 0.54+0.0959 GP + 0.0038 CP + 0.0001733 CP 2 , where GP is the gas production after 24 h of incubation (ml/200 mg DM) and CP is the protein content of silage (g/kg DM). The nutritional values of the silages were slightly different (4.16 vs. 4.14 MJ/kg DM for M and O, respectively) likely due to the high content of hemicellulose in the O diet (22.0 vs. 16.9%). Average milk yield did not differ between the groups; instead, milk fat (8.39 vs. 9.06%; P<0.01) and protein (4.41 vs. 4.60%; P< 0.01) levels were significantly higher in the O group. The results elicit great interest in southern Italy where corn cultivation is adversely affected by the high cost of irrigation.

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“…Um grama desses materiais foi incubado em frascos de vidro com capacidade de 160ml. Para cada frasco, foram adicionados manualmente 90ml de meio de cultura conforme Theodorou et al (1994). Os frascos foram vedados com rolhas de borracha (14mm) e essas seladas com anilhas de alumínio.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Cinética de fermentação ruminal de silagens de milheto

Júnior

Gonçalves²,

Maurício

et al. 2008

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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RESUMOAvaliaram-se a degradabilidade da matéria seca e a cinética de fermentação ruminal das silagens de três genótipos de milheto (BRS-1501, NPM-1 e CMS-3), por meio da técnica in vitro semi-automática de produção de gases. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas. Para a comparação dos genótipos, foi utilizado o teste SNK (P<0,05), e os parâmetros da cinética de fermentação foram ajustados ao modelo unicompartimental de France. A partir de 24 horas, a silagem do genótipo BRS-1501 foi a que apresentou maior produção acumulativa de gases. Os valores de degradabilidade da matéria seca apresentados às 96 horas de fermentação foram de 53,9% para a silagem do BRS-1501, 51,7% para a silagem do CMS-3 e 49,1% para a silagem do NPM-1, sendo este o material com menor degradabilidade (P<0,05). Os potenciais máximos de produção de gases variaram de 145,18 para o genótipo CMS-3 a 155,02ml/g de MS para o BRS-1501. A silagem do genótipo BRS-1501 destacou-se entre as demais, em função do seu maior potencial de produção de gases e degradabilidades efetivas.Palavras-chave: milheto, ruminante, silagem, técnica in vitro semi-automática de produção de gás, valor nutricional ABSTRACTThe dry matter digestibility and the fermentation kinetics of three pearl millet genotypes silages (BRS-1501, NPM-1, and CMS-3) were estimated by the semi-automated in vitro gas production technique, using a completely randomized blocks design in a split plot arrangement.

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A simple gas production method using a pressure transducer to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds

Cited by 1,332 publications

References 12 publications

Associative effects between forages on feed intake and digestion in ruminants

Associative effects between forages on feed intake and digestion in ruminants

Influence of replacing corn silage with barley silage in the diets of buffalo cows on milk yield and quality

Cinética de fermentação ruminal de silagens de milheto

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