A Simple and Efficient Mechanical Cell Disruption Method Using Glass Beads to Extract β-Glucans from Spent Brewer’s Yeast

Abstract

β-glucan extraction from spent brewer’s yeast is a long process that starts with the lysis of yeast cells, this step lasting up to 36 h and can be disadvantageous when working on a small scale. In this study, a rapid cell rupture method was selected for the lysis of spent brewer’s yeast to obtain β-glucans. Optimal parameters were determined for the lysis of a cellular suspension of spent brewer’s yeast by vortexing with glass beads. Thus, parameters such as the number of 10 min vortex cycles from 1 to 3, the concentration of cell suspension (5, 10, and 15%), and the ratio of yeast/glass beads (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) were varied in a Box-Behnken design. A cell lysis mechanism using glass beads allows the cell to rupture and permits the removal of intracellular content. An increase in yeast suspension concentration decreased the disruption efficiency, while a proportional increase was observed with the yeast/glass beads ratio and the increasing number of vortexing cycles. The optimal parameters for cell lysis were found to be a cell suspension concentration of 5%, a ratio of yeast/glass beads of 1:2, and a vortexing cycle of 3, with a disruption efficiency of 99.8%. The β-glucan fraction extracted from the optimal sample showed characteristic absorption bands at 1370.77 and 1153.92 cm−1, the content of β-glucan being 78.53%.

Assessment of mycotoxin sequestration efficacy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by-products cultured in wheat bran and whey protein medium

“…Despite this observation, a significant difference was observed between the absorption properties of YCW and the combination of β-glucan and YCW in AFB1 absorption (P < 0.05). In agreement with our results on the binding of AFB1 to the YCW and its components, Hojati et al 35 . reported that YCW products have an average efficiency in AFB1 absorption in vitro.…”

“…As Table 5 shows, when AFB1 was absorbed by two developed binders, the mixture of β-glucan and YCW was assigned a higher absorption capacity (P < 0.05). Apparently, the hydroxyl, ketone, phenyl, and lactone groups in β-glucans are involved in the formation of hydrogen and van der Waals bonds between AFB1 and glucan, and the increased groups in a mixture of β-glucan and YCW could explain the observed results 11 , 35 . The YCW used as a binder for AFB1 showed the lowest binding rate and did not exceed 50%.…”

Beyond the MEP Pathway: A novel kinase required for prenol utilization by malaria parasites

“…For this, yeast crude extracts transformed with p416- Pf PolK or the empty vector (control) were employed. Yeasts were cultivated until the stationary phase in SD plus dextrose medium and then cells were disrupted by glass beads (0.5 mm Ø) [ 85 ]. Unbroken cells were discarded by centrifugation at 900 x g for 1 min and protein was adjusted to 50 mg/ml with 100 mM Tris/HCl pH 7,4.…”

β-glucan from brewer’s spent yeast as a techno-functional food ingredient

“…Mechanical methods favor scalability and present low operational cost but are not selective and can result in fragments of β-glucan with low purity. Some examples include agitation with glass beads (also known as milling) (Avramia and Amariei, 2022), homogenization at high pressure (Tian et al, 2019;Dimopoulos et al, 2020), andultrasound (Bzducha-Wróbel et al, 2014;Zheng et al, 2019;Dimopoulos et al, 2020). Non-mechanical methods, in turn, are mostly selective but limited regarding the potential for scale-up (Liu et al, 2016).…”