A serpulid-Anodontia-dominated methane-seep deposit from the upper Miocene of northern Italy

Kiel, Steffen; Sami, Marco; Taviani, Marco

doi:10.4202/app.00472.2018

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Although occurrence data of "Keratosa"-type sponge fossils or similar structures are accumulating [4], not all of them were illustrated with enough information or proper preservation as required to evaluate using criteria I-VI (e.g., [18,70]). However, examples conforming criteria I-V are indeed known throughout the whole Phanerozoic (e.g., Cambrian [5]; Ordovician [71]; Devonian [2]; Carboniferous [6]; Triassic, this study; Miocene [72]). In some of these examples ( [5,6] and this study), characteristic VI is also present.…”

Section: "Keratosa"-type Demosponge In the Fossil Record: Known And U...supporting

confidence: 57%

Identification and Current Palaeobiological Understanding of “Keratosa”-Type Nonspicular Demosponge Fossils in Carbonates: With a New Example from the Lowermost Triassic, Armenia

Luo

Pei

Richoz

et al. 2022

Life

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Structures similar to fossilized nonspicular demosponges have been reported in carbonates throughout the Phanerozoic and recently in rocks dating back to 890 Ma ago. Interpretation of these records is increasingly influential to our understanding of metazoans in multiple aspects, including their early evolution, the ecology in fossil reefs, and recovery after mass extinction events. Here, we propose six identification criteria of “Keratosa”-type nonspicular demosponge fossils based on the well-established taphonomical models and their biological characteristics. Besides, sponge fossils of this kind from the lowermost Triassic of Chanakhchi (Armenia) are described with a 3-D reconstruction to exemplify the application of these criteria in recognition of such organisms. Subsequently, the state-of-the-art understanding of the taxonomy and evolution of these fossil sponges, a previously poorly addressed topic, is summarized. The morphology of the Triassic Chanakhchi fossils indicates an affinity with verongimorphs, a group that may have evolved by Cambrian Age 3. Other than that, further efforts are encouraged to forge quantitative criteria based on the here proposed descriptive version and to explore the taxonomic diversity and evolutionary details of these fossil nonspicular demosponges.

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Section: "Keratosa"-type Demosponge In the Fossil Record: Known And U...supporting

confidence: 57%

Identification and Current Palaeobiological Understanding of “Keratosa”-Type Nonspicular Demosponge Fossils in Carbonates: With a New Example from the Lowermost Triassic, Armenia

Luo

Pei

Richoz

et al. 2022

Life

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“…Mass occurrences of serpulids in ancient methane seep deposits, known as "fossil serpulid seeps," have perplexed scientists for decades, and the recognition of paleoseep indicator species continues to be of value for geologists and geobiologists alike. For serpulids, which permanently inhabit calcareous tubes, seven taxa (including Laminatubus) have been reported from early Cretaceous to Miocene seep communities ~150 to 200 million years ago (15)(16)(17). They appear attached to, or in layers immediately adjacent to, known chemosynthetic vesicomyid clams, lucinid clams, or bathymodiolin mussels, prompting the suggestion that serpulids found in fossil seep deposits were actually regular members of the chemosynthetic community, as opposed to arriving only after seepage had ceased (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanotrophic bacterial symbionts fuel dense populations of deep-sea feather duster worms (Sabellida, Annelida) and extend the spatial influence of methane seepage

et al. 2020

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Deep-sea cold seeps are dynamic sources of methane release and unique habitats supporting ocean biodiversity and productivity. Here, we describe newly discovered animal-bacterial symbioses fueled by methane, between two species of annelid (a serpulid Laminatubus and sabellid Bispira) and distinct aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the Methylococcales, localized to the host respiratory crown. Worm tissue δ13C of −44 to −58‰ are consistent with methane-fueled nutrition for both species, and shipboard stable isotope labeling experiments revealed active assimilation of 13C-labeled methane into animal biomass, which occurs via the engulfment of methanotrophic bacteria across the crown epidermal surface. These worms represent a new addition to the few animals known to intimately associate with methane-oxidizing bacteria and may further explain their enigmatic mass occurrence at 150–million year–old fossil seeps. High-resolution seafloor surveys document significant coverage by these symbioses, beyond typical obligate seep fauna. These findings uncover novel consumers of methane in the deep sea and, by expanding the known spatial extent of methane seeps, may have important implications for deep-sea conservation.

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“…Based on these evidence, they can be interpreted as the product environments by a consortium of methanotrophic archea and sulphate-reducing bacteria (Boetius et al, 2000) as confirmed by the presence of large bivalves belonging to Mytilidae, Lucinidae and Vesicomyidae. The high productivity of cold seeps provides habitats for other organisms that do not possess bacterial symbionts, like serpulid tubeworms (Kiel et al, 2018), that occur mainly up in the section.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Messinian seep-carbonates marking the transition to the evaporite deposits in the Romagna sector of the northern Apennines (Italy)

Conti¹,

Fioroni²,

Serventi³

et al. 2022

IJG

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Numerous outcrops of Messinian authigenic carbonates mark the passage between euxinic shales of the Ghioli di letto Fm at the closure stage of the Miocene foredeep, and the evaporites of the Gessoso-solfifera Fm in the Romagna sector of the northern Apennines. Carbonates have a lenticular to stratiform shape up to 20 m thick and are aligned parallel and concordant to the contact with the evaporites, indicating their primary position. The study of the carbonate succession has evidenced 12 different chemofacies (vuggy and mottled fabric, vein network, conduits, breccias) with chemosymbiotic taxa (lucinids, bathymodiolins, vesicomyids) and negative 13C isotopic signatures (δ 13 C from -36,92‰ up to -54,25), indicating that they are the product of hydrocarbon richfluids seepage at the sea-floor. Facies of the upper succession, close to the contact with evaporites, are typically laminated, with millimetric alternances of peloidal and dark micritic levels. They still preserve seepage imprint testified by 13 C depletion (-22, 37‰) and occurrence of small lucinids and serpulids, and are here interpreted as microbial mats related to vigorous fluid release. The occurrence of seep-carbonates at direct contact with selenitic gypsum offers new data on the transition from marine conditions to evaporitic environment in the framework of the Messinian Salinity Crisis.

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A serpulid-Anodontia-dominated methane-seep deposit from the upper Miocene of northern Italy

Cited by 13 publications

References 44 publications

Identification and Current Palaeobiological Understanding of “Keratosa”-Type Nonspicular Demosponge Fossils in Carbonates: With a New Example from the Lowermost Triassic, Armenia

Identification and Current Palaeobiological Understanding of “Keratosa”-Type Nonspicular Demosponge Fossils in Carbonates: With a New Example from the Lowermost Triassic, Armenia

Methanotrophic bacterial symbionts fuel dense populations of deep-sea feather duster worms (Sabellida, Annelida) and extend the spatial influence of methane seepage

Messinian seep-carbonates marking the transition to the evaporite deposits in the Romagna sector of the northern Apennines (Italy)

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