A Sequential Electrospinning of a Coaxial and Blending Process for Creating Double-Layer Hybrid Films to Sense Glucose

Abstract

This study presents a glucose biosensor based on electrospun core–sheath nanofibers. Two types of film were fabricated using different electrospinning procedures. Film F1 was composed solely of core–sheath nanofibers fabricated using a modified coaxial electrospinning process. Film F2 was a double-layer hybrid film fabricated through a sequential electrospinning and blending process. The bottom layer of F2 comprised core–sheath nanofibers fabricated using a modified process, in which pure polymethacrylate type A (Eudragit L100) was used as the core section and water-soluble lignin (WSL) and phenol were loaded as the sheath section. The top layer of F2 contained glucose oxidase (GOx) and gold nanoparticles, which were distributed throughout the polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (PVP K90) nanofibers through a single-fluid blending electrospinning process. The study investigated the sequential electrospinning process in detail. The experimental results demonstrated that the F2 hybrid film had a higher degradation efficiency of β-D-glucose than F1, reaching a maximum of over 70% after 12 h within the concentration range of 10–40 mmol/L. The hybrid film F2 is used for colorimetric sensing of β-D-glucose in the range of 1–15 mmol/L. The solution exhibited a color that deepened gradually with an increase in β-D-glucose concentration. Electrospinning is flexible in creating structures for bio-cascade reactions, and the double-layer hybrid film can provide a simple template for developing other sensing nanomaterials.

Recent progress of electrospun nanofibers as burning dressings

“…When preparing core-shell nanobers using coaxial electrospinning, it is necessary to consider the miscibility, viscosity, and conductivity between different layers of solutions. [92][93][94] Nanober burn dressings with dual drug loading of centella total glucoside and ciprooxacin were prepared by coaxial electrospinning technique by Guo et al 95 They placed centella total glucoside into the nuclear layer to avoid sudden release while prolonging the therapeutic effect of the drug. Antimicrobial experiments and in vitro cellular experiments showed that the prepared nanobers had excellent antimicrobial activity and the ability to promote the proliferation of broblasts.…”

Electrospun nanofibers based on zein and red onion bulb extract (Allium cepa, L.): Volatile compounds, hydrophilicity, and antioxidant activity

“…Although electrospinning offers easy processing, its scope goes beyond the conventional single-fluid mixing method (Kang et al, 2020;Khalafi et al, 2023;Xia et al, 2023). In the current scenario, new approaches are being explored, including coaxial (Du et al, 2023;Liu et al, 2023), triaxial (Wang et al, 2023), side-byside processes (Lv et al, 2023), and other complex methods involving multiple fluids (Zhou et al, 2023).…”

“…This approach aims not only to improve but also to develop new functional nanomaterials, covering applications for drugs, pharmacological agents (Yu & Zhou, 2023), antioxidants, VOCs, pigments, sensors, enzymes, probiotics, acidulants, and a variety of essential oils and active extracts (Topuz & Uyar, 2020; Zhao et al., 2020). This progress represents a substantial advance in the application of electrospinning, producing materials with specific properties and diverse applications in sectors ranging from the pharmaceutical industry (Yu & Zhou, 2023) to sensory applications (Du et al., 2023). Notably, the utilization of room temperature in this process is a crucial feature, enabling the encapsulation of compounds sensitive to heat.…”

The influence of the ultrasonic treatment of working fluids on electrospun amorphous solid dispersions

“…The knowledge and techniques about solid dispersions (SDs) are always being updated due to the continuous increase of poorly water-soluble drugs from high-throughput chemistry and bioengineering ( Inocencio, et al, 2020 ; Bigogno, et al, 2021 ; Diogo and Ramos, 2022a ; Diogo and Ramos, 2022b ; Du et al, 2023a ; Du et al, 2023b ). In general, there are a series of factors that always co-act to ensure high-quality SDs for poorly water-soluble drugs.…”