A Sensor Array for the Detection and Discrimination of Methane and Other Environmental Pollutant Gases

Abstract

We address the sensitive detection and discrimination of gases impacting the environment, such as CH4, NH3, SO2, and CO, using a sensor array and aided by principal component analysis (PCA). A 32-element chemiresistive sensor array consisting of nine different sensor materials including seven types of modified single-walled carbon nanotubes and two types of polymers has been constructed. PCA results demonstrate excellent discriminating ability of the chemiresistor sensor chip in the 1–30 ppm concentration range. The accuracy of the sensor was verified against data collected using cavity ring down spectroscopy. The sensor chip has also been integrated with a smartphone and has been shown to reproduce the sensing performance obtained with the laboratory measurement system.

Surface functionalized nanocellulose as a veritable inclusionary material in contemporary bioinspired applications: A review

“…The need for indoor and outdoor gas monitoring has proliferated in recent years, especially in robotics, gas production factories, air quality monitoring, and environmental protection . Gas sensors can be classified into numerous types depending on their method of detection such as electrical, acoustic, optic, calorimetric, and chromatographic response .…”

Selective Sensing of Gas Mixture via a Temperature Modulation Approach: New Strategy for Potentiometric Gas Sensor Obtaining Satisfactory Discriminating Features

“…To date, numerous types of gas sensors, which include but are not limited to the sensing principles of chemiresistive, amperometric, potentiometric and impedancimetric, have been reported [6,7,8,9,10]. Among them, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)-based electrochemical sensors consisting of a In 2 O 3 or ZnO sensing electrode (SE) exhibit great potential to sense NO x , CO, HCs and NH 3 because of their reliable performance in harsh conditions [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23].…”

“…To promote selectivity, tuning the microstructure of the SEs, e.g., the morphology, thickness, and crystal phase, is usually considered, although this approach relies on sophisticated materials synthesis techniques [24,25]. Meanwhile, the strategy to design the sensor array and combine it with specific data processing algorithms also shows promising results in differentiating gas mixtures [6,26,27]. Some examples of data processing algorithms include but are not limited to Fisher discriminant analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis, artificial neural networks, simple fuzzy logic and principal component analysis (PCA) [27,28,29,30,31].…”

“…PCA in multivariate statistical analysis is a method of compressing the dimension of vector data by extracting principal typical components from sample data set. It is a custom program, proposed for analyzing sensor output data [6,26,27,28,29]. Nevertheless, complex preparation techniques remarkably raise the cost of sensor arrays, thereby restraining the manufacturing of such devices on a large scale.…”

Fault Detection Using the Clustering-kNN Rule for Gas Sensor Arrays

“…The results to date indicate that semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) gas sensor arrays can provide a specific and unique response solution for different individual chemical gases or mixtures of gases [2,3]. Nowadays, gas sensor arrays are used in more and more engineering applications, such as chemical engineering, aerospace engineering and environmental engineering [4,5,6]. …”