A Sensitive Method for the Determination of Methadone in Biological Samples Using Nano-Structured α-Carboxy Polypyrrol as a Sorbent of SPME

Abstract

Nano-structured a-carboxy polypyrrol (PPy-a-COOH) was used as a coating of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber to increase the extraction efficiency of headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) of methadone (MDN) in biological samples. The carboxyendcapped polypyrrole film was prepared via electrochemical deposition on a platinum wire. A nano-fibrous structure of PPy-a-COOH with a diameter of 120 nm was obtained. The porous surface structure of the film, revealed by scanning electron microscopy, provided high surface areas and allowed for high extraction efficiency of methadone. Then the analysis of the extracts was carried out by a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. In order to achieve maximum extraction efficiency, different parameters affecting the extraction conditions were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the limit of detections and the limit of quantifications of the method in the range of 0.02-0.035 and 0.06-0.10 lg L -1 were obtained for different matrices. The relative recoveries in different samples were in the range of 95-97%. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method was successfully confirmed by extraction and determination of MDN in human urine and plasma samples in the range of microgram per liter, and suitable results were obtained (RSDs \5.3%).

Modern Approaches to Preparation of Body Fluids for Determination of Bioactive Compounds

“…The SPME process may be fully automated and effectively accelerated using the 96-well plate format of thin-film solid-phase microextraction (TFME). A PPy-CH 2 -COOH (nanostructured α-carboxy polypyrrol) coating for SPME fiber, used in headspace mode (HS-SPME), was synthetized and applied to the extraction of methadone at its trace level from plasma and urine samples [36]. The carboxy end-capped polypyrrole film was electrochemically deposited on a platinum wire, and a nano-fibrous structure with a diameter of 120 nm was obtained.…”

Polypyrrole microcontainer structures and doughnuts designed by electrochemical oxidation: an electrochemical and scanning electron microscopy study

“…Other applications are related to the analytical determination of drugs in biological samples (25), the fabrication of solid-state potentiometric sensors (26), and its use as an adsorbent in the solid-phase microextraction of organic compounds (27). Most of these applications stem from suitable electrical properties of the polymer that have been studied, for example, by fourprobe conductivity (28) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (29).…”

Evaluation of Histamine Imprinted Polypyrrole Deposited on Boron Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond

“…Recently the main applications of Ppy are related to sensorics and biosensorics 13–15, corrosion protection of some active metals and alloys 16, 17, sensitive solid phase extraction and microextraction 18, 19. The Ppy can be easily synthesized by electrochemically 20 or chemically induced polymerizations 13, 21.…”