A sensitive device for the measurement of the force exerted by an arc on the electrodes

The aim of this paper is to improve our knowledge concerning the power balance at the electrode surfaces in the case of an electric arc of short duration with a small electrode gap burning in air at atmospheric pressure.With this aim in view, we propose a simple method using the experimental results obtained through the observation of the tracks left by the arc and a numerical simulation of the thermal phenomena occurring in the electrode during the arc heating.This method, based on the analysis of the compatibility between experimental results and modelling results, allows us to assess a zone of possible values for the main parameters of the arc root (power and surface power density brought by the arc to the electrodes). A simple usual volt equivalent approach of the power balance is proposed. Calculations and experiments have been conducted for several copper anodes and cathodes. The values for the volt equivalent at the anode are found in the range 9-12.6 V, for the cathode 5.4-9 V. The values for the surface power density are found to be near 6.5 × 10 9 W m −2 at the cathode and 6 × 10 9 W m −2 for the anode.

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“…Concerning the problem relative to the free moving vapour front, the method used has already been described in [23,24].…”

Section: Description Of the Numerical Modelling Of The Electrode Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution to the assessment of the power balance at the electrodes of an electric arc in air

Testé¹,

Leblanc²,

Rossignol³

et al. 2008

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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“…6) Parametric testing of fundamental physical properties, i.e., arcing pressure monitoring and related current in stabilities, RF noise production levels etc. [18]. At the interface of current carrying contacts the externally applied electrical energy may be partly lost as it converts either to thermal or electromagnetic energy.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of contact capacitance on current-voltage characteristics of stationary metal contacts

Dervos

Michaelides

1998

IEEE Trans. Comp., Packag., Manufact. Technol. A

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This paper investigates experimentally the signif icance of the effective contact capacitance, i.e., the interfacial capacitance during the current flow, for a wide range of sta tionary metal contacts operating under high charge injection rates. The effective capacitance of metallic interfaces depends on the ratio between the apparent contact area (which is optically determined) and the effective contact area (which injects the electronic charges). Silver contacts having series resistance values significantly less than the contact resistance were subjected to ac high current densities (up to 500 A/mm 2 ). The obtained i(t) and v(t) profiles were further analyzed to obtain I-V curves. Due to the phase shift between i(t) & v(t) profiles the I-V curve within a single period of the stimulating current will produce a closed loop. The area of the loop determines the interfacial electrical energy. According to the obtained results the electrical energy storage at a given metal contact, increases at: 1) higher ampacity values; 2) lower operating temperatures; 3) higher clamping forces between the joints (elastic deforma tion regime) each of the above parameters acting indepen dently. The experimental results were obtained for AgSn0 2 and OFHC contacts operated in a wide temperature range, varying between -130 °C and +40 °C. The observed response of the electrical contacts is mainly characterized by the implications of the as perity contact model and dominating charge transport processes across the metallic interfaces.When standard simple equivalent circuits are used to deter mine contact impedance, the effective capacitance of current carrying metal contacts acquires exceptionally high values.

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Dervos

Michaelides

1998

IEEE Trans. Comp., Packag., Manufact. Technol. A

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A sensitive device for the measurement of the force exerted by an arc on the electrodes

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Contribution to the assessment of the power balance at the electrodes of an electric arc in air

Contribution to the assessment of the power balance at the electrodes of an electric arc in air

The effect of contact capacitance on current-voltage characteristics of stationary metal contacts

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