A sensitive and rapid determination of zinc ion (Zn2+) using electrochemical sensor based on f-MWCNTs/CS/PB/AuE in drinking water

Abstract

An electrochemical method for detecting the presence of zinc (Zn2+) ions in drinking water was developed using functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) and chitosan (CS). Numerous cylinder-shaped graphene molecules make up f-MWCNTs, which have a high mechanical and electrical conductivity. CS benefits from nanomaterials include biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low toxicity, which are excellent in capacity absorption of metal ions. Dangerous levels of metal ions such as zinc are currently present in drinking water as a result of human and natural activity. Zinc toxicity is associated with a variety of disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson's, diabetes, and cancer. This study incorporated f-MWCNTs and CS with Prussian blue (PB) immobilised on a gold electrode (AuE). Several parameters, including as buffers, pH, scan rate, redox indicator, accumulation time, and volume, were optimised using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) method. According to the CV method, the optimal parameters were phosphate buffered saline (0.1 M, pH 2), 5 mM Prussian blue, 200 mVs-1 scan rate, and 5 s accumulation time. Under ideal circumstances, the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method was used to determine the Zn2+ ions concentration range of 0.2–7.0 ppm. The limit of detection (LOD) was 2.60 × 10–7 mol L-1 with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9777. The recovery rate of the developed sensor (f-MWCNTs/CS/PB/AuE) ranged from 95.78 to 98.96%. The developed sensor showed a variety of advantages for detecting Zn2+ in drinking water, including a quick setup process, quick detection, high sensitivity, and mobility. This study developed the essential sensor for monitoring Zn2+ levels in drinking water in the future.

Microbial Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Environments Using Metal-Resistant Indigenous Strains

“…The MWCNTs-CS/PB/AuSPEs-based sensors were used for zinc determination, according to a work published by Ringgit et al [ 53 ]. Thus, in a first step, commercial gold SPE electrodes were modified by drop casting a mixture of chitosan and MWCNTs (1:2) in acetic acid at 1%, followed by drying at room temperature for 2 h. Afterwards, the deposition of Prussian Blue redox mediator was carried out by direct precipitation of an equimolar mixture of 5 mM FeCl 3 and K 3 Fe(CN) 6 and drying the obtained sensors for 10 min at room temperature.…”

A Novel Thin-Layer Flow Cell Sensor System Based on BDD Electrode for Heavy Metal Ion Detection

“…Lead ions can cause damage to the human nervous, immune, hematopoietic, reproductive, and digestive systems, while excess cadmium ions can lead to severe bone damage [ 3 ]. Although zinc ions are one of the most important trace elements in the body, excess intake may cause a series of diseases such as anemia, epigastric pain, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, and cancer [ 4 , 5 ].…”