A selective test for antidepressant treatments using rats bred for stress-induced reduction of motor activity in the swim test

West, Charles H.K.; Weiss, Jay M.

doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0048-x

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…data). Nevertheless, the effectiveness of antidepressants in reducing immobility and enhancing active behaviours in male and female animals depends on the compound and the selected dosage scheme (Barros and Ferigolo, 1998;Contreras et al, 1998;Consoli et al, 2005;West and Weiss, 2005;Kokras et al, 2009a;Pitychoutis et al, 2011; Allen et al, 2012;Dalla et al, 2012;Flores-Serrano et al, 2013). For instance, with the use of the modified FST, sertraline enhances swimming duration in both sexes , and this has been linked with changes in 5-hydroxytryptaminergic activity (Detke et al, 1995;Detke and Lucki, 1996;Mikail et al, 2012).…”

Section: Sex Differences In Animal Models Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in animal models of psychiatric disorders

Kokras

Dalla

2014

British J Pharmacology

350

187

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Psychiatric disorders are characterized by sex differences in their prevalence, symptomatology and treatment response. Animal models have been widely employed for the investigation of the neurobiology of such disorders and the discovery of new treatments. However, mostly male animals have been used in preclinical pharmacological studies. In this review, we highlight the need for the inclusion of both male and female animals in experimental studies aiming at gender-oriented prevention, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders. We present behavioural findings on sex differences from animal models of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance-related disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and autism. Moreover, when available, we include studies conducted across different stages of the oestrous cycle. By inspection of the relevant literature, it is obvious that robust sex differences exist in models of all psychiatric disorders. However, many times results are conflicting, and no clear conclusion regarding the direction of sex differences and the effect of the oestrous cycle is drawn. Moreover, there is a lack of considerable amount of studies using psychiatric drugs in both male and female animals, in order to evaluate the differential response between the two sexes. Notably, while in most cases animal models successfully mimic drug response in both sexes, test parameters and treatment-sensitive behavioural indices are not always the same for male and female rodents. Thus, there is an increasing need to validate animal models for both sexes and use standard procedures across different laboratories. LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed section on Animal Models in Psychiatry Research. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10. 1111/bph.2014.171.issue-20 Abbreviations 5-HTT, 5-HT transporter; 8-OH-DPAT, 7-(Dipropylamino)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ol; Akt1, V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homologue 1; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; BTBR, BTBR T + tf/J; CMS, chronic mild stress; COMT, catechol-O-methyltransferase-deficient mice; CR, conditioned response; CRF, corticotrophinreleasing factor; CS, conditioned stimulus; D1 receptor, dopamine 1 receptor; D2 receptor, dopamine 2 receptor; DISC1, disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1; Ehmt1, euchromatin histone methyltransferase 1; FBGRKO, forebrain glucocorticoid type II receptor (NR3C1) knockout; FSL, flinders sensitive rat line; FST, forced swim test; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; HAB, high anxiety-related behaviour rats; ICSS, intracranial self-stimulation; LAB, low anxiety-related behaviour rats; LI, latent inhibition; Mthfr, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder; PPI, prepulse inhibition; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; SSRI, selective 5-HT re-uptake inhibitors; US, unconditioned stimulus; WKY, Wistar Kyoto IntroductionThe total disease burden for neuropsychiatric disorders in the European Union has been recently ...

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Section: Sex Differences In Animal Models Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in animal models of psychiatric disorders

Kokras

Dalla

2014

British J Pharmacology

350

187

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“…Depression-Ample evidence indicates that, in addition to affecting anxiety-related behavior, Avp affects depression-related behavior. In rodents, the forced swim task produces immobility that can be countered with antidepressants (Porsolt et al, 1977;West and Weiss, 2005). Acute forced swimming induces a significant increase in Avp release in both the SON and PVN that increases further in the PVN with repeated swimming .…”

Section: 42mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasopressin: Behavioral roles of an “original” neuropeptide

Caldwell

Lee

Macbeth

et al. 2008

Progress in Neurobiology

416

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Vasopressin (Avp) is mainly synthesized in the magnocellular cells of the hypothalamic supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular nuclei (PVN) whose axons project to the posterior pituitary. Avp is then released into the blood stream upon appropriate stimulation (e.g., hemorrhage or dehydration) to act at the kidneys and blood vessels. The brain also contains several populations of smaller, parvocellular neurons whose projections remain within the brain. These populations are located within the PVN, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), medial amygdala (MeA) and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).Since the 1950's, research examining the roles of Avp in the brain and periphery has intensified. The development of specific agonists and antagonists for Avp receptors has allowed for a better elucidation of its contributions to physiology and behavior. Anatomical, pharmacological and transgenic, including "knockout," animal studies, have implicated Avp in the regulation of various social behaviors across species.Avp plays a prominent role in the regulation of aggression, generally of facilitating or promoting it. Affiliation and certain aspects of pair-bonding are also influenced by Avp. Memory, one of the first brain functions of Avp that was investigated, has been implicated especially strongly in social recognition. The roles of Avp in stress, anxiety, and depressive states are areas of active exploration. In this review, we concentrate on the scientific progress that has been made on understanding the role of Avp in regulating of these and other behaviors across species, as well as discuss the implications for human behavior.

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“…Efficacy data for newly included studies were calculated using the same method reported in Cahill et al 15 -based on the numbers of people randomised to an intervention and excluding any deaths or untraceable moves in accordance with the Russell Standard. 31 Drop-outs or those patients lost to follow-up are treated as continuing smokers. It is beyond the scope of this short report to conduct a systematic review of adverse events for varenicline and cytisine, taking into account long-term observational studies.…”

Section: Data Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%