A Second-Order Factor Gender-Measurement Invariance Analysis of Financial Exclusion in Ilorin, Nigeria

Adeyemi, Adewale Abideen; Mustafa, Daud; Oladipo, Salami Luqman

doi:10.7763/ijtef.2013.v4.325

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The advantage of employing a second order CFA is numerous [9]. Given that its results are more parsimonious with the use of smaller parameter to test the hypotheses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reengineering Tax Service Quality Using a Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Self-Employed Taxpayers

Normala¹,

Obid²,

Mustapha³

2014

IJTEF

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Abstract-Reengineering tax service quality using second order confirmatory factor analysis, namely, responsiveness, reliability, in formativeness, assurance and usability is viewed as an enabler of tax administration effectiveness in collecting government revenues. This paper examined the psychometric properties of tax service quality items for tax administration effectiveness on the self-employed taxpayers. A total of 181 received and usable data was collected and analyzed. The findings shows the goodness fit indices are adequate with the model fit indices showing the chi-square value of 215.334, DF =146, p-value = 0.000, normed chi-square CMINDF) =1.475, CFI =0.967 and RMSEA = 0.051. In other words, the findings show that the factors help the tax administrator for providing effective tax system. Index Terms-Tax service quality, second-order CFA factor, Bayesian and self-employed taxpayers.

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“…The advantage of employing a second order CFA is numerous [9]. Given that its results are more parsimonious with the use of smaller parameter to test the hypotheses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reengineering Tax Service Quality Using a Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Self-Employed Taxpayers

Normala¹,

Obid²,

Mustapha³

2014

IJTEF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, the sensitivity of this test to moderate discrepancies from normality in the data and sample size could lead to model rejection. As a result of this, we have also reported three goodness-of-fit indices as used in several extant studies (Adeyemi et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2005). The goodness-of-fit indices used in this study are reported in Table III with similar interpretation as in the measurement model previously discussed.…”

Section: Testing Invariance Across Institutional Investors and Retail Investorsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…As shown in Figure 1, a research framework is proposed to explore whether psychological biases are equally applicable to investor divides in Malaysia. As in previous similar studies, such as Adeyemi et al (2013) and Chen et al (2005), the initial analyses that will be performed after data cleaning are: exploratory factor analysis (EFA), first-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), tests on the reliability, convergent validity and divergent validity. Given that the various thresholds for model fit and other assumptions for the above analyses are met, a configural invariance analysis and metric invariance tests based on factor, intercepts, and residuals for the first-and second-order models will be conducted.…”

Section: Specification Of the Hypothesised Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, invariance analysis, by way of second-order factor analysis, is used to test the equivalence of measured constructs across two groups: retail and institutional investors. According to Adeyemi et al (2013), second-order factor analysis improves parsimony by using fewer parameters; it also results in theoretically error-free estimates by separating the unique variance of the first-order factors from the measurement errors. Following the above background discussion, the remaining parts of this study are organised as follows: the second section reviews literature on overconfidence bias, herding bias, representativeness bias, anchoring bias and religious bias; the third section discusses the methodology, data, instrument and procedure for data analysis; the fourth section presents and interprets various empirical analyses performed on the data collected; the fifth section discusses the major findings of this study and the theoretical and practical implications, as well as the conclusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Institutional investors vs retail investors

Jaiyeoba

Abdullah

Ibrahim

2019

IJBM

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Purpose Guided by several pioneered studies, the purpose of this paper is to comprehensively investigate the investment behaviours of Malaysian retail and institutional investors in an attempt to identify whether the influence of psychological biases is equally applicable to investor divides. Design/methodology/approach The researchers have adopted a quantitative research design by way of survey methodology to obtain data from institutional and retail investors in Malaysia. In addition, the authors have mainly employed second-order measurement invariance analysis to uncover the difference across investor divides. Findings The tests of measurement invariance at the model level indicate an insignificant difference between institutional investors and retail investors. The post hoc test (at the path level) reveals that institutional and retail investors are similar with respect to representative heuristic, overconfidence bias and anchoring bias; though the results also show that they are different with respect to religious bias and herding bias. Research limitations/implications Based on the findings of this study, it is generally not logical to assume that institutional investors completely behave rational during investment decisions. Besides, future researchers are called upon to directly compare the investment decisions of institutional and retail investors with respect to whether the influence of psychological biases is equally applicable to them, particularly on the investigated psychological biases and other psychological biases that are not covered in this study. Originality/value This study has offered insight into whether the influence of psychological biases is equally applicable to institutional and retail investors in Malaysia using second-order measurement invariance analysis. This study is unique in context and the approach it has adopted.

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“…Following the steps in similar other studies that have employed second-order invariance analysis (Adeyemi et al , 2013; Chen et al , 2005; Jaiyeoba et al , 2020), the initial analyses to be conducted after data cleaning and fulfilling relevant assumptions are exploratory factor analysis (EFA), first-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability test, convergent validity and divergent validity. Having met the thresholds for model fit and other assumptions, a configural invariance analysis and metric invariance tests based on factor, intercepts and residuals for the first- and second-order models will be conducted.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement invariance across gender for the CSR as a promotional tool for halal certified companies in Malaysia

Jaiyeoba

Abdullah²,

Hossain

2022

JIMA

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Purpose This study uses second-order measurement invariance analysis to investigate the perspective of gender divide on whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) can serve as a promotional tool for halal certified companies in Malaysia. Perhaps researching into the perspective of gender on whether CSR can serve as a promotional tool has either been ignored or received limited attention among the researchers from this domain. Hence, this study aims to fill this gap. Design/methodology/approach In the quest to achieve the mentioned aim, quantitative research design was adopted for this study and the developed questionnaire was used to collect data from 295 respondents, consisting of 172 males and 123 females. In analysing the data, this study has mainly used second-order measurement invariance analysis to uncover the difference across gender divide on whether CSR can serve as a promotional tool for halal certified companies. Findings The findings of this study reveal two perspectives to the issue of interest in this study. The tests of measurement invariance at the model level suggest a significant difference between male and female to a certain extent. The post hoc test (at the path level) reveals that there are significant differences between gender divide with respect to responsible dealings with clients and legal responsibility only. However, there are insignificant differences between them in connection with commitment to halal best practices, zakat and charitable donations, environmental responsibility, halal economic responsibility and employee welfare. Nonetheless, both gender groups agree that CSR activities will promote halal certified companies if these activities are appropriately communicated to halal consumers. Research limitations/implications The authors acknowledge that limitations cannot be avoided in any study, such as this study, where a nonprobability sampling technique is used. The respondents were largely drawn from Klang Valley in Malaysia; although Klang Valley’s population represents about a quarter of Malaysia’s total population, the authors admit that the opinions of the respondents may not represent the opinions of others in the country, and this may consequently limit the generalisability of the findings. Also, the authors acknowledge that self-report survey data is subject to response bias, which may reduce the accuracy of the data that were sourced from the respondents; though respondents were constantly reminded to respond honestly to all the questions in the questionnaire. Originality/value This study has uniquely employed second-order measurement invariance analysis to investigate the perspective of gender divide on whether CSR can serve as a promotional tool for halal certified companies in Malaysia. This study will enrich literature in this area of study.

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A Second-Order Factor Gender-Measurement Invariance Analysis of Financial Exclusion in Ilorin, Nigeria

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Reengineering Tax Service Quality Using a Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Self-Employed Taxpayers

Reengineering Tax Service Quality Using a Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Self-Employed Taxpayers

Institutional investors vs retail investors

Measurement invariance across gender for the CSR as a promotional tool for halal certified companies in Malaysia

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