A season long investigation into the effects of injury, match selection and training load on mental wellbeing in professional under 23 soccer players: A team case study

Abbott, Will; Brownlee, Thomas E.; Harper, Liam D.; Naughton, Robert J.; Richardson, Andy; Clifford, Tom

doi:10.1080/17461391.2019.1600586

Cited by 14 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Such earlier case identification may better facilitate timely referral and intervention, especially among athletes at elevated risk of impaired well-being, such as injured athletes. 8 This short report extends earlier APSQ validation work by providing a range of less severe cut-off scores for mental health symptoms, while also including a female elite athlete sample. The aims of this study were to: 1.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 64%

Mental health screening: severity and cut-off point sensitivity of the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire in male and female elite athletes

Rice

Olive

Gouttebarge

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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ObjectivesTo examine the sensitivity/specificity of the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire (APSQ) in both male and female elite athletes, and also assess internal consistency and convergent/divergent validity, and determine discriminative validity relative to current injury status.MethodsData were provided by 1093 elite athletes (males n=1007; females n=84). Scale validity and reliability values were benchmarked against validated measures of general psychological distress and well-being. ROC curve analysis determined a range of optimal severity cut-points.ResultsBias-corrected area under curve (AUC) values supported three APSQ cut-points for moderate (AUC=0.901), high (AUC=0.944) and very high (AUC=0.951) categories. APSQ total score Cronbach coefficients exceeded those observed for the Kessler 10 (K-10). Gender ×injury status interactions were observed for the APSQ total score and K-10, whereby injured female athletes reported higher scores relative to males and non-injured female counterparts.ConclusionBy providing a range of cut-off scores identifying those scoring in the marginal and elevated ranges, the APSQ may better facilitate earlier identification for male and female elite athletes vulnerable to mental health symptoms and developing syndromes. Use of the APSQ may support sports medicine practitioners and allied health professionals to detect early mental ill health manifestations and facilitate timely management and ideally, remediation of symptoms.

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Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 64%

Mental health screening: severity and cut-off point sensitivity of the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire in male and female elite athletes

Rice

Olive

Gouttebarge

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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“…Professional soccer players can play up to 60 matches in a competitive season, including periods of fixture congestion where they may be required to play three matches in seven days (Carling et al, 2015). Changes in performance, injury risk and objective and subjective wellness/recovery have been assessed during a competitive season (Abbott, Brownlee, Harper, Naughton, & Clifford, 2018;Abbott et al, 2019;Slater et al, 2018). However, changes in perceptions of mental fatigue across a season have not been previously investigated, despite anecdotal evidence of players and coaches previously citing the mentally fatiguing nature of professional soccer, particularly towards the end of the season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in perceptions of mental fatigue during a season in professional under-23 English Premier League soccer players

Abbott

Brownlee

Naughton

et al. 2020

Research in Sports Medicine

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The present study assessed changes in academy soccer players' perception of mental fatigue (MF) across a competitive season, investigating the relationship between MF and other subjective measures of wellness. Ten players completed a modified Brief Assessment of Mood (BAM+) questionnaire that included the question: 'How mentally fatigued do you feel'? on match-day (MD) and one (MD+1), two (MD+2) and three (MD+3) days post-match (35 matches). Players reported their MF, along with other subjective measures (sleep, muscle soreness, fatigue and motivation). Results found MF was elevated on MD+1 (43±1 mm) compared to all other days (all P≤0.001). Players reported lower MF on MD+1 in the late-season phase (34±2 mm) compared to both early-(50±2 mm, P≤0.001) and midseason (46±2 mm, P≤0.001). This coincided with an 80%-win rate in the late-season phase versus the early-(33%) and mid-season (50%). There were very strong repeated-measures correlations between changes in MF and sleep (r=-0.77), muscle soreness (r=0.94), fatigue (r=0.92) and motivation (r =-0.89; all P≤0.0005). In conclusion, MF was closely aligned to match success and other wellness variables. This data suggests a potential lack of sensitivity for identifying MF using a subjective questionnaire. Therefore, researchers and practitioners could work together to identify other ways of practically assessing MF.

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“…Amotivation was evidenced as it presented associations with the dimensions of stress and recovery in both periods. In the sports context, it is important to be aware of the player's mental health status 28 . Monitoring these variables can provide relevant information on the current psychophysiological state in which the soccer player finds himself and overtraining and amotivation can negatively impact the performance of professional soccer players.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brink et al 27 and Meeusen et al 15 identified that players with signs of overtraining showed a drop in performance. Previous research has found alterations in mental health well-being 28 . Nevertheless, few studies have evaluated the overtraining and motivational levels throughout the whole sports season in elite players 26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Monitoring of overtraining and motivation in elite soccer players

Fagundes

Teoldo

Reis

et al. 2021

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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This study aimed to monitor the behavior of the overtraining and motivations dimensions, as well as to verify whether these dimensions correlate in the preparatory and competitive periods over the season. Methods:Professional soccer players (n = 32) answered the Stress and Recovery Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport 76) and the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) during the preparatory and competitive periods. Results: Intrinsic amotivation and sport-specific recovery were lower in the competitive period than in the preparatory period. In the preseason, motivation presented a strong and negative correlation with overall recovery (p = 0.001; r = −0.75; r 2 = 0.56) and sport-specific recovery (p = 0.001; r = −0.72; r 2 = 0.52). The amotivation explained in 56% the variance of the results of the overall recovery and 52% of the sport-specific recovery. During the competitive phase, amotivation showed a strong and positive correlation with overall stress (p = 0.001; r = 0.70; r 2 = 0.49) and sport-specific stress (p = 0.001; r = 0.79; r 2 = 0.62). The amotivation accounted for 49% of the variance in the results of the overall stress and 62% of sport-specific stress in soccer players. Conclusion: There are associations between overtraining and motivation during the investigated periods. Through longitudinal monitoring in professional soccer, it was verified that the dimensions of amotivation, overall recovery, and sport-specific stress could be related to the prevention symptoms of overtraining in a professional soccer team.

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A season long investigation into the effects of injury, match selection and training load on mental wellbeing in professional under 23 soccer players: A team case study

Abstract: A season long investigation into the effects of injury, match selection and training load on mental wellbeing in professional under 23 soccer players: A

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Mental health screening: severity and cut-off point sensitivity of the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire in male and female elite athletes

Mental health screening: severity and cut-off point sensitivity of the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire in male and female elite athletes

Changes in perceptions of mental fatigue during a season in professional under-23 English Premier League soccer players

Monitoring of overtraining and motivation in elite soccer players

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