A Search Within the Genera<i>Streptococcus, Enterococcus</i>and<i>Lactobacillus</i>for Organisms inhibitory to Mutans Streptococci

James, S. M.; Tagg, John

doi:10.3402/mehd.v1i3.7410

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…Microorganisms that inhabit the oral cavity typically form well-defined consortia, with species sharing resources and constructing biofilm matrix comprised by polysaccharides, peptides, and extracellular DNA. While in a state of homeostasis, these oral biofilms prevent the colonization of exogenous species through the production of inhibitory agents such as bacteriocins, organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, and antibacterial enzymes [2,3]. However, at a complex intersection of host oral health, genetic and environmental factors, and microbe-immunological response, the excessive buildup of oral biofilms, or the residence of pathogen consortia can result in a breakdown of homeostasis and a change in microbial composition to an eventual chronic state of dysbiosis [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of chondroitin sulfate A by a PUL-like operon in Tannerella forsythia

et al. 2022

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Advanced periodontitis has been shown to have strong association with the residence of the bacterial consortia known as the red complex comprised by Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola. T. forsythia shares a distant genetic linkage to Bacteroidetes thetaiotaomicron and may therefore produce analogous polysaccharide utilization loci (PUL) which enable complex carbohydrate degradation, import, and use, although this capacity has yet to be demonstrated. Chondroitin sulfate A is a linear, sulfated carbohydrate linked to periodontal disease as the principal species of glycosaminoglycan appended on the surface of cortical bone of teeth and in supporting dental ligaments. Through genomic comparisons with B. thetaiotaomicron, a new PUL-like operon (Bfo2285-Bfo2295, and Bfo3043) was identified in T. forsythia and the crystal structure of two proteins from this PUL-like operon, Bfo2290 and Bfo2294, were reported using X-ray crystallography. Enzyme kinetics for Bfo2290 were reported using a pH-dependent assay and suggested a Km of 0.75 mg/ml ± 0.60 mg/ml, Kcat of 3.74 min-1 ± 0.88 min-1, and Vmax of 7.48 μM/min ± 1.76 μM/min with partially degraded chondroitin sulfate A. Fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis was used to show the processive degradation of chondroitin sulfate A by the proteins encoded in T. forsythia PUL-like operon, and revealed Bfo2291 and Bfo2290 to be an endolytic chondroitin sulfate A lyase and exolytic ΔDi-4S chondroitin sulfate A sulfatase, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of chondroitin sulfate A by a PUL-like operon in Tannerella forsythia

et al. 2022

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Mode of action of a lysostaphin-like bacteriolytic agent produced by Streptococcus zooepidemicus 4881

Simmonds

Pearson

Kennedy

et al. 1996

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Electron microscopy of zoocin A-treated sensitive streptococcus cells revealed cytoplasmic disruption and ultimately complete rupture of the cell wall. Culture viability and optical density were shown to decrease rapidly and simultaneously in Streptococcus pyogenes FF22 but less quickly in the relatively more resistant Streptococcus mutans 10449. Zoocin A was shown to cleave hexaglycine in a colorimetric cell-free microtiter assay system, and it is concluded that the killing action of zoocin A, like that of lysostaphin, is most probably the result of direct cleavage of the peptidoglycan cross-links in the cell wall. The relationship between sensitivity to zoocin A and the peptidoglycan cross-linkage structure of Streptococcus zooepidemicus, Lactococcus spp., S. pyogenes, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis, S. mutans, and Streptococcus rattus has been evaluated.

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Diverse Activity Spectra of Bacteriocin–Like Inhibitory Substances Having Activity against Mutans Streptococci

Balakrishnan

Rs²,

Tagg³

2000

Caries Res

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Mutans streptococci (MS) are known to be causative agents of dental caries. It has been suggested that these cariogenic bacteria could be eliminated from dental plaque by application of bacteriocins or bacteriocin–like inhibitory substances (BLIS). In the present study 272 bacterial strains of the genera Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Staphylococcus were tested for their production of BLIS activity against MS by use of a deferred antagonism test on agar media supplemented with either whole blood or yeast extract. Although only 14.3% of the test strains displayed anti–MS activity, the inhibitory agents produced by these strains were characterised by considerable diversity in the range of their inhibitory action against both MS and other common oral streptococcal species. It is suggested that combinations of relatively specifically targeted anti–MS BLIS may have potential application to the prevention of dental caries.

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A Search Within the GeneraStreptococcus, EnterococcusandLactobacillusfor Organisms inhibitory to Mutans Streptococci

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Degradation of chondroitin sulfate A by a PUL-like operon in Tannerella forsythia

Degradation of chondroitin sulfate A by a PUL-like operon in Tannerella forsythia

Mode of action of a lysostaphin-like bacteriolytic agent produced by Streptococcus zooepidemicus 4881

Diverse Activity Spectra of Bacteriocin–Like Inhibitory Substances Having Activity against Mutans Streptococci

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