A scalable and modular lab-on-a-chip genetic analysis instrument

Kaigala, Govind V.; Behnam, Moris; Bidulock, Allison Christel Elizabeth; Bargen, Christopher D. Von; Johnstone, Robert W.; Elliott, D.G.; Backhouse, C.

doi:10.1039/b925111a

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…At this stage, many microfluidics-based concepts and technologies fail to meet these demands (e.g. Blow 2007, Chen et al 2007, Dobson et al 2007, Zhang and Xing 2007, Weigl et al 2008, Sauer-Budge et al 2009, Huckle 2006, Becker 2009, Kaigala et al 2010, Lounsbury et al 2010, Fujimoto et al 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

On-chip analysis of respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal samples

Ritzi-Lehnert

Himmelreich

Attig

et al. 2011

Biomed Microdevices

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Point-of-care (PoC) testing followed by personalized efficient therapy of infectious diseases may result in a considerable reduction of associated health care costs. Lab-on-a-chip (LoC) systems represent a potentially high efficient class of PoC tools. Here, we present a LoC system for automated pathogen analysis of respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal specimens. The device prepares total nucleic acids from extracted swab samples using magnetic silica beads. After reverse transcription the co-purified viral RNA is amplified in accordance with the QIAplex multiplex PCR technology. Hybridized to corresponding QIAGEN LiquiChip beads and labelled with streptavidin R-phycoerythrin, the amplified target sequences are finally detected using a QIAGEN LiquiChip200 workstation. All chemicals needed are either stored freeze-dried on the disposable chip or are provided in liquid form in a reagent cartridge for up to 24 runs. Magnetic stir bars for mixing as well as turning valves with metering structures are integrated into the injection-moulded disposable chip. The core of the controlling instrument is a rotating heating bar construction providing fixed temperatures for fast cycling. PCR times of about half an hour (for 30 cycles) could be achieved for 120 μl reactions, making this system the fastest currently available high-volume PCR chip. The functionality of the system was shown by comparing automatically processed nasopharyngeal samples to ones processed manually according to the QIAGEN "ResPlex™ II Panel v2.0" respiratory virus detection kit. A prototype of the present instrument revealed slightly weaker signal intensities with a similar sensitivity in comparison to the commercially available kit and automated nucleic acid preparation devices, even without protocol optimization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

On-chip analysis of respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal samples

Ritzi-Lehnert

Himmelreich

Attig

et al. 2011

Biomed Microdevices

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“…In the case of microelectrophoresis the application of strong electric fields creates the local heating especially in the reservoirs, and thus the degradation of biological samples [1]. The main advantages of employing the pyroelectric transducer are faster response, greater flexibility in terms of shape and layout, and lack of necessity of an energy supply.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In applications such as micro-electrophoresis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in which thermal monitoring of a biological fluid is required, conventional equipment is replaced by the lab-on-a-chip thanks particularly to its high surface-tovolume ratio and the short thermal path [1], [2]. Different transducer technologies, such as those based on thermocouples, thin-film-on-silicon and bolometers were investigated for temperature and heat-flux monitoring [3]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyroelectric Sensor for Temperature Monitoring of Biological Fluids in Microchannel Devices

2014

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In a lab-on-a-chip application, the measurement of local temperature variation often involves the detection of very low-level signals in a noisy microscale environment. A polymer pyroelectric transducer represents an efficient solution in terms of speed, sensitivity, and scale of integration, especially when prompt and accurate temperature monitoring is desired. This paper presents a ferroelectric polymer sensor to be used for the measurement of temperature variations in a microfluidic system. The pyroelectric sensor is based on a thin polyvinylidene fluoride sheet, which also provides a seal for the microchannels. The analytical model of the pyroelectric response of the sensor, coupled with the microchannel device, is in a good agreement with experimental data. Experiments confirm that the operating temperature range is suitable for most applications in which fast temperature monitoring is desired in order to avoid degradation of the biological samples.

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“…Others illuminate the microfluidics orthogonal to the detector, reducing the LCE E to 0.3-5% [13,16,18,48,49,50] with either the use of waveguides or using focused excitation. Chediak et al…”

Section: Geometric Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional FD systems require confocal optics, stabilized laser sources, photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs) and high-quality optical filters. Not only are these components expensive [12], but they are too bulky to fit in a hand-held or easily-portable device [13,14]. Alternative approaches, such as proximity-based detection have demonstrated improved integration by eliminating the need for collection optics [15,16,17], these devices still require substantial support infrastructure such as external light sources and discrete electronic control and signal-acquisition circuits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise analysis and measurement of integrator-based sensor interface circuits for fluorescence detection in lab-on-a-chip applications

Jensen

Gaudet

Levine

2013

2013 22nd International Conference on Noise and Fluctuations (ICNF)

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Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) biological assays have the potential to fundamentally reform healthcare. The move away from centralized facilities to Point-of-Care (POC) testing of biological assays would improve the speed and accuracy of these, thereby improving patient care. Before LOC can be realized, a number of challenges must be addressed: the need for expert users must be abstracted away; the manufacturing cost of $5 per test threshold must be met; and the supporting infrastructure must be integrated down to an easily portable size. These challenges can be addressed with the deposition of microfluidics on CMOS chips. By designing application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) much of the automation and the supporting infrastructure needed to run these assays can be integrated into the chip. Additionally, CMOS fabrication is some of the most optimized manufacturing in industry today. My parents, thank you for providing me with food and shelter while in Alberta and never ending support while I was in Ontario. Keesa, my lovely fiance, without you I never would have gotten this far; probably not even close. Evelyn, your kitchen table debates over genetics and technology pushed me to discover new knowledge; endless appreciation.To my colleges at the U of A:

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A scalable and modular lab-on-a-chip genetic analysis instrument

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

On-chip analysis of respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal samples

On-chip analysis of respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal samples

Pyroelectric Sensor for Temperature Monitoring of Biological Fluids in Microchannel Devices

Noise analysis and measurement of integrator-based sensor interface circuits for fluorescence detection in lab-on-a-chip applications

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