A rodent model of cirrhosis, ascites, and bacterial peritonitis

Runyon, Bruce A.; Sugano, Shigeo S.; Kanel, Gary C.; Mellencamp, Martha A.

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(91)90221-6

Cited by 113 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…O fato de se ter observado crescimento de duas espécies de bactérias no líquido de ascite -situação incomum na PBE (21) -vai ao encontro do trabalho de RUNYON et al (30) , que observaram o crescimento de mais de uma bactéria em 33,3% dos casos. Esses autores justificaram o fato baseando-se nas diferenças interespécies, já que a flora bacteriana do rato, bem como a porosidade de seu intestino eram diferentes, favorecendo maior translocação bacteriana.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Cirrose experimental induzida pela inalação de tetracloreto de carbono: adaptação da técnica e avaliação da peroxidação lipídica

Magalhães

et al. 2001

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Cirrose experimental induzida pela inalação de tetracloreto de carbono: adaptação da técnica e avaliação da peroxidação lipídica

Magalhães

et al. 2001

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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“…Cirrhosis was induced as previously described by Runyon et al 8 Rats weighing 100 to 120 g were fed standard rodent chow (B/K) and were treated with 1.5 mmol/L phenobarbital in tap water. When the rats reached a weight of greater than 200 g, weekly doses of CCl 4 (J.T.…”

Section: Induction Of Cirrhosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The detection of bacterial DNA in blood of rats with CCl4-induced cirrhosis with ascites represents episodes of bacterial translocation

Guarner¹,

González‐Navajas

Sánchez³

et al. 2006

Hepatology

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B acterial translocation (BT) is considered a key event in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections in patients with advanced cirrhosis, 1 and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is probably the most relevant infection in this setting. 2 BT is considered to be present either in patients or in animal models of cirrhosis when the culture of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) shows the growth of at least one bacterial species. 3 The genetic identity of bacteria isolated in ileal content, MLNs, and infected ascitic fluid (AF) in rats with experimental cirrhosis 4 has been shown, which supports the contention of a continuum among intestinal lumen, translocation to MLN, and eventual induction of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. However, the study of BT is logically difficult in patients with cirrhosis.We have shown that roughly 30% of patients with advanced cirrhosis and AF show the simultaneous presence in blood and AF of fragments of bacterial DNA (bactDNA), mostly from the same type of bacteria, 5 and that these fragments may last in blood during variable periods. 6 The identity of the nucleotide sequences detected in a given patient during the study period, together with the fact that bactDNA may disappear and then reAbbreviations: BT, bacterial translocation; MLN, mesenteric lymph nodes; AF, ascitic fluid; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; TNF-␣, tumor necrosis factor alpha; NOx sum of NO metabolites, nitrite and nitrate. From the

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“…3,15 To increase the yield of cirrhosis, rats received phenobarbital (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO) in the drinking water (35 mg/dL). Animals were gavaged weekly under light isoflurane anesthesia (Forane; Abbott Laboratories, Madrid, Spain) and weighed twice a week to assess each animal' s response to CCl 4 .…”

Section: Animal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of propranolol on the factors promoting bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats with ascites

et al. 2000

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Bacterial translocation appears to be an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of spontaneous infections in cirrhosis. Cirrhotic patients are commonly treated with ␤-adrenoceptor blockers, but the impact of this treatment in the factors promoting bacterial translocation has not been investigated. This study was aimed at investigating in cirrhotic rats with ascites the effect of propranolol on intestinal bacterial load, transit, and permeability of the bowel and on the rate of bacterial translocation. Bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes and intestinal bacterial overgrowth, permeability (urinary excretion of 99m Tc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid [ 99m Tc-DTPA]), and transit (geometric center ratio of 51 Cr) were assessed in 29 rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) cirrhosis and 20 controls. These variables were then measured in 12 placebo-and in 13 propranolol-treated ascitic cirrhotic rats. Bacterial translocation was present in 48% of the cirrhotic rats and in none of the controls. Cirrhotic rats with intestinal bacterial overgrowth had a significantly higher rate of translocation and slower intestinal transit than those without it. Among the 15 rats with overgrowth and a 99m Tc-DTPA excretion greater than 10%, 15 had translocation and 2 had bacterial peritonitis. Only 1 of the 14 rats with either intestinal overgrowth or a 99m Tc-DTPA excretion greater than 10% presented translocation. Compared with the placebo group, propranolol-treated animals had significantly lower portal pressure, faster intestinal transit, and lower rates of bacterial overgrowth and translocation. In ascitic cirrhotic rats, bacterial translocation results from intestinal overgrowth and severe damage to gut permeability. In this setting, intestinal overgrowth is associated with intestinal hypomotility. Propranolol accelerates the intesti- Cirrhotic patients are prone to bacterial infections, with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) being the most characteristic. Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that translocation of bacteria from the intestinal lumen to the bloodstream is directly involved in the pathogenesis of these spontaneous infections. SBP is caused predominantly by enteric organisms, 1 and selective intestinal decontamination lowers the rate of first or recurrent SBP in cirrhotic patients. 2 Studies in carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced cirrhotic rats have shown the frequent, simultaneous presence of bacterial translocation (BT) and SBP caused by enteric organisms, 3-5 a higher rate of BT in ascitic than in nonascitic animals, 6 frequent genotype identity between ileal flora and bacteria colonizing the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), 7 and a reduction, by selective intestinal decontamination, in the incidence of BT after hemorrhagic shock. 8 The factors that favor BT in cirrhosis are incompletely understood. Proposed mechanisms include disruption of the equilibrium of normal intestinal bacterial flora, increased permeability of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and deficiencies in host immune def...

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A rodent model of cirrhosis, ascites, and bacterial peritonitis

Cited by 113 publications

References 15 publications

Cirrose experimental induzida pela inalação de tetracloreto de carbono: adaptação da técnica e avaliação da peroxidação lipídica

Cirrose experimental induzida pela inalação de tetracloreto de carbono: adaptação da técnica e avaliação da peroxidação lipídica

The detection of bacterial DNA in blood of rats with CCl4-induced cirrhosis with ascites represents episodes of bacterial translocation

Effect of propranolol on the factors promoting bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats with ascites

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