A robust vibrating wire viscometer for reservoir fluids: results for toluene and n-decane

High-temperature, high-pressure viscosities and densities of toluene

“…In contrast, Wilbur and Jonas 25 do not report an experimental uncertainty for the viscosity and, more imporantly, they report data for deuterated toluene, which is not expected to have precisely the same viscosity as toluene. 21 , one by Daridon et al 40 , and one by Dymond et al 11 .…”

“…Avgeri and coworkers present a very detailed review and analysis of toluene viscosity data where they note the dearth of available toluene viscosity data at pressures greater than ~50 MPa at temperatures greater than ~ 373 K 7 . The experimental challenges for measuring high-temperature, high-pressure viscosity are evident given the variety of different viscometric techniques reported in the literature, such as the falling body viscometer [8][9][10][11][12] , vibrating wire viscometer [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] , quartz-crystal viscometer 22,23 , and the rolling ball viscometer 24,25 . Harris reports toluene viscosity data with a very low uncertainty of ± 1% using a falling-body viscometer operated from 255 to 323 K and pressures to 400 MPa 9 .…”

Vibrating Wire Viscometer with Nominal Wire Diameter of 0.15 mm: Measurement of the Viscosity of Two Certified Reference Fluids, with Nominal Viscosities at T = 298 K and p = 0.1 MPa of (16 and 29) mPa·s, at Temperatures between (298 and 353) K and Pressures below 55 MPa

“…However, in practice the wire damping factor and radius cannot be determined with sufficient accuracy by independent methods, and those values are usually determined by calibration. To do this, measurements are made in both vacuum, which yields the damping factor ∆ 0 , and methylbenzene, for which the viscosity and density are known, to provide the wire radius, R. 2,6,10 For each fluid temperature and pressure, the in-phase and quadrature voltages V (eq 1 of ref 1) measured at a series of discrete frequencies that included the motional emf V 2 (eq 2 of ref 1) were determined with a lock-in amplifier over the frequency range (f r ( 5g), where g is half the resonance line width at a frequency corresponding to an amplitude determined by 0.707 times that of the maximum amplitude and f r is the fundamental transverse resonance frequency. Prior to acquiring V, the majority of the contribution arising from the drive voltage V 1 was removed by setting the lock-in offset voltage at f < ( f r5g).…”

Experimental Determination of Thermophysical Properties of Working Fluids for ORC Applications

“…Like density measurements, several techniques to determine viscosity of fluids exist. For example, we can cite the falling ball technique [27], capillary technique, vibration quartz [28], and vibrating bodies [29,30]. We invite the reader to have a look in the paper from Le Neindre [31] for a complete overview of the techniques of measurement.…”