“…When the system is considered nonlinear, first the system has to be linearized. To avoid the inaccuracies in estimation by considering voltage distortion, harmonics, and noise, a new variant of KF‐based technique, ie, an EKF‐based SAPF was analyzed in Panigrahi et al to extract the harmonics from nonlinear system. A state‐space model to estimate the state of a system using EKF can be represented as where w n , i and v n , i are zero mean white Gaussian stochastic processes with covariance matrices ∑ w and ∑ v , respectively.…”