A risk appraisal system regarding the implementation of maritime regulations by a ship operator

Abstract

A risk appraisal system regarding the implementation of maritime regulations by a ship operator http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/1749/ Article LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain.The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. AbstractThe shipping industry operates in a regulatory framework, where the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is the leading regulatory body. The role of the IMO is to propose maritime regulations to its member states. The successful implementation of a maritime regulation depends on how many member states adopt it. However, many maritime regulations are not adequately implemented worldwide. As a result, ship operators have found themselves in an uncomfortable position in developing their business. This paper proposes an extendable and applicable methodology involving a System of Hierarchical Scorecards (SHS) to measure the implementation cost and benefit analysis of a newly introduced or existing maritime regulation by ship operators. The regulators may use the results in evaluating newly introduced and/or existing regulations through taking into account the economical burden that will be generated to ship operators. In this paper, System of Hierarchical Scorecards (SHS) is extended to demonstrate its applicability on evaluating a stakeholder's organisation with regard to his regulatory implementation performance by the means of a case study.

A Method of Risks Assessment for the Fishing Vessels Accidence

“…Одним из спо-собов, с помощью которых можно контролировать и минимизировать риски, является формальная оценка безопасности [9] . Однако FSA имеет некоторые ограничения, главным из которых является то, что «издержки и выгоды», определённые по данной методологии, рассматриваются в частич-ном и очень общем виде [10]. Например, с точки зрения критерия эффективности затрат, методо-логия FSA не рассматривает источник оплаты за устранение выявленного риска [11].…”

Maintaining and researching port safety: a case study of the port of Kaohsiung

“…[23]) are highlighted, individual perceptions and variations of words in the 'same' language are often assumed not to be an issue. For example, Karahalios et al [14] note that their mathematical hierarchical model can be used by many ships without a need to understand the mathematics as Bthe mathematics can be avoided by entering linguistic terms^. Nevertheless, what the above section illustrates is that there are many methodologies chosen to research port safety and shed light on individual aspects.…”

“…389). Moreover, many shipping operators need to implement such regulations in an unstable regulatory environment [14]. In other research, studies have attempted to provide benchmarking and management tools for ships to indicate their safety levels [15] or more specifically to create safety preparedness for cruise ships [16], and other safety studies have modelled the impact of generic training on improving evacuations in a transport system [17].…”

“…Thus, regulations were followed but their implementation could be complex (cf. [14]), and other factors could nevertheless emerge to affect safety. This is evidenced by the continued occurrence of accidents (see also Tables 1 and 2) despite the adherence to regulations.…”

“…For example, in 1994, Chapter IX, entitled 'Management for the Safe Operation of Ships', was added to modify and expand safety operations to ships and additionally ports, following a number of events, but particularly after fire swept through the Norwegian vessel MV Scandinavian Star in April 1990, with the loss of 158 lives [13]. The shipping industry is required to operate by these codes, yet according to some studies, many Bmaritime regulations are not adequately implemented worldwide^( [14], pp. 389).…”