A revision of the Japanese genera and species of the subfamily Theridiinae (Araneae: Theridiidae)

Yoshida, Hiroyuki

doi:10.2476/asjaa.50.157

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Levi's species groups and taxonomical discussion may help allocate additional Theridion species to these clades. Our results also support to some recent efforts to split up Theridion, for example, the recently described or resurrected genera Rugathodes (Wunderlich 1987), Ameridion (Wunderlich 1995a) and Takayus (Yoshida 2001). Others, such as Keijia (Yoshida 2001); however, appear to be paraphyletic.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Structure Of Theridiinaesupporting

confidence: 90%

Molecular insights into the phylogenetic structure of the spider genus Theridion (Araneae, Theridiidae) and the origin of the Hawaiian Theridion‐like fauna

Arnedo¹,

Agnarsson²,

Gillespie³

2007

Zoologica Scripta

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Molecular insights into the phylogenetic structure of the spider genus Theridion (Araneae, Theridiidae) and the origin of the Hawaiian Theridion -like fauna. -Zoologica Scripta , 36 , 337-352. The Hawaiian happy face spider ( Theridion grallator Simon, 1900), named for a remarkable abdominal colour pattern resembling a smiling face, has served as a model organism for understanding the generation of genetic diversity. Theridion grallator is one of 11 endemic Hawaiian species of the genus reported to date. Asserting the origin of island endemics informs on the evolutionary context of diversification, and how diversity has arisen on the islands. Studies on the genus Theridion in Hawaii, as elsewhere, have long been hampered by its large size ( > 600 species) and poor definition. Here we report results of phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequences of five genes conducted on five diverse species of Hawaiian Theridion , along with the most intensive sampling of Theridiinae analysed to date. Results indicate that the Hawaiian Islands were colonised by two independent Theridiinae lineages, one of which originated in the Americas. Both lineages have undergone local diversification in the archipelago and have convergently evolved similar bizarre morphs. Our findings confirm para-or polyphyletic status of the largest Theridiinae genera: Theridion , Achaearanea and Chrysso . Convergent simplification of the palpal organ has occurred in the Hawaiian Islands and in two continental lineages. The results confirm the convergent evolution of social behaviour and web structure, both already documented within the Theridiidae. Greater understanding of phylogenetic relationships within the Theridiinae is key to understanding of behavioural and morphological evolution in this highly diverse group.

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Section: Phylogenetic Structure Of Theridiinaesupporting

confidence: 90%

Molecular insights into the phylogenetic structure of the spider genus Theridion (Araneae, Theridiidae) and the origin of the Hawaiian Theridion‐like fauna

Arnedo¹,

Agnarsson²,

Gillespie³

2007

Zoologica Scripta

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“…These results confirms the monophyly of Hadrotarsinae and Argyrodinae, but dispute Argyrodes sensu Yoshida (2001a), Spintharinae sensu Forster et al (1990) and Theridiinae sensu Yoshida (2001b). The latter two include essentially the same taxa, but our results suggest that Spiniharus is not closely related to the lost coluiar clade.…”

Section: Morphological Implications and Evolutionary Patternssupporting

confidence: 72%

From a comb to a tree: phylogenetic relationships of the comb-footed spiders (Araneae, Theridiidae) inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial genes

Arnedo

Coddington

Agnarsson

et al. 2004

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

138

171

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“…However, they did prefer very large genera, and some, including Theridion , Achaearanea Strand, 1929 and Anelosimus ended up as ‘waste baskets’, containing many species with little in common (Forster, Platnick & Coddington, 1990). In recent years several authors, most notably Wunderlich (1986, 1988, 1992, 1995a, b, c) and Yoshida (2001a, b, 2002) have split some of Levi & Levi's generic concepts, especially Theridion and Argyrodes . Platnick (2003) recognizes 79 theridiid genera; an interactive key to these is now available (Agnarsson, 2003a).…”

Section: Taxonomic Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He then placed Spintharinae and Simon's (1884) Moneteae within Theridiinae (Sundevall, 1833) and defined the latter by two putative synapomorphies: hooded paracymbium and absence of colulus. Yoshida (2001b) discussed the composition of the subfamily Argyrodinae and synonymized Conopisthinae (Archer, 1950) with it. He resurrected the genera Rhomphaea and Ariamnes ( contra Exline & Levi, 1962), and Spheropistha Yaginuma, 1957 ( contra Tanikawa, 1998), from Argyrodes (Fig.…”

Section: Taxonomic Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cobweb spiders, family Theridiidae, constitute one of the largest spider families, with over 2300 species in 79 genera (Platnick, 1997, 2003; Agnarsson, 2000, 2003a; Yoshida, 2001a, b) distributed worldwide. The awesome reputation of the widow spiders ( Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805), earned by their post‐mating cannibalism and potent venom, epitomizes arachnophobia, while the comparatively timid and less feared common house spider [ Achaearanea tepidariorum (Koch, 1841)] and the red house spider [ Nesticodes rufipes (Lucas, 1846)], share quarters with people worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Morphological phylogeny of cobweb spiders and their relatives (Araneae, Araneoidea, Theridiidae)

Agnarsson¹

2004

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

258

397

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This paper offers the first cladistic analysis of a wide selection of theridiid genera based on morphological data. The analysis treats 53 theridiid taxa representing 32 genera ( ) and Araneidae ( Argiope ). The parsimony analysis of 242 morphological and behavioural characters found a single, most parsimonious tree. The monophyly of theridiids and their sister relationship with nesticids is strongly supported. The recent resurrection of Ariamnes and Rhomphaea from Argyrodes made the latter paraphyletic. However, Ariamnes and Rhomphaea are characterized by an array of characters, and Argyrodes still contains dramatically distinct clades for which names are available: Faiditus (removed from synonymy -RS) and Neospintharus (RS). These revalidations provide a classification with greater information content and utility. These three genera, along with Ariamnes , Rhomphaea and Spheropistha , comprise the subfamily Argyrodinae. The monophyly and composition of the subfamilies Hadrotarsinae, Spintharinae, Pholcommatinae, Latrodectinae and Theridiinae are discussed. Theridion is paraphyletic and in need of revision. Anelosimus as currently circumscribed is paraphyletic, a problem resolved by revalidating Selkirkiella (RS) and Kochiura (RS). Numerous new combinations are established. The results suggest the monophyletic origin of both kleptoparasitism and araneophagy in the lineage leading to Argyrodinae, negating hypotheses that either arose from the other. Sociality evolved multiple times within the family, accounting for as much as one fourth of the origins of social behaviour among all spiders. No losses of sociality are implied. The hypothesis of maternal care as the pathway to sociality receives support. Evolution of theridiid webs is complex, with multiple modifications and loss of the basic theridiid cobweb.

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A revision of the Japanese genera and species of the subfamily Theridiinae (Araneae: Theridiidae)

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

Molecular insights into the phylogenetic structure of the spider genus Theridion (Araneae, Theridiidae) and the origin of the Hawaiian Theridion‐like fauna

Molecular insights into the phylogenetic structure of the spider genus Theridion (Araneae, Theridiidae) and the origin of the Hawaiian Theridion‐like fauna

From a comb to a tree: phylogenetic relationships of the comb-footed spiders (Araneae, Theridiidae) inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial genes

Morphological phylogeny of cobweb spiders and their relatives (Araneae, Araneoidea, Theridiidae)

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